<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2183-1351</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Acta Radiológica Portuguesa]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Acta Radiol Port]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2183-1351</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedade Portuguesa de Radiologia e Medicina Nuclear]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2183-13512023000300016</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25748/arp.27110</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Diffuse Idiopathic Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Cell Hyperplasia: A Differential Diagnosis to Consider in the Oncology Context]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Hiperplasia Difusa Idiopática de Células Neuroendócrinas do Pulmão: Um Diagnóstico Diferencial a Considerar no Contexto Oncológico]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodrigues]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Susana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ricardo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Freixo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Beatriz]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duarte]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Hálio]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fonseca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Diogo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Português de Oncologia Francisco Gentil Serviço de Imagiologia ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Porto ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>30</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>30</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2023</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>16</fpage>
<lpage>19</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2183-13512023000300016&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2183-13512023000300016&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2183-13512023000300016&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Diffuse idiopathic pulmonary neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia (DIPNECH) is an extremely rare disorder with strong female predominance. It is characterized by proliferation of neuroendocrine cells in the bronchial wall and is part of the spectrum of pulmonary neuroendocrine tumors. It is considered a preinvasive condition for lung carcinoid tumors. Patients are either asymptomatic or present with non-specific symptoms, such as long-standing dyspnea or cough. In this review, we describe a case of DIPNECH in a 67-year-old female, non-smoker, with progressive dyspnea and history of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma. High resolution chest computed tomography revealed diffuse mosaic attenuation pattern with air-trapping and multiple peribronchovascular solid nodules suspected of metastatic disease. The largest nodule was submitted to core-needle biopsy, which was compatible with neuroendocrine cells hyperplasia. After 4 years of follow-up, the same lung nodule grew and was again submitted to core-needle biopsy, which depicted findings consistent with typical carcinoid tumor.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo A hiperplasia difusa idiopática de células neuroendócrinas do pulmão (DIPNECH) é uma doença rara, com maior incidência nas mulheres. É caracterizada pela proliferação de células neuroendócrinas na parede do brônquio, sendo parte do espetro de tumores neuroendócrinos do pulmão. É considerada uma lesão pré-invasiva para tumores carcinóides. Os pacientes podem ser assintomáticos ou apresentar-se com sintomas inespecíficos, tais como dispneia ou tosse crónica. Descreve-se um caso de DIPNECH numa mulher de 67 anos, não fumadora, que se apresenta com dispneia progressiva e história pessoal de carcinoma micropapilar da tiróide. A tomografia computorizada do tórax mostrou a presença de padrão de atenuação em mosaico com múltiplos nódulos peribroncovasculares, suspeitos de disseminação metastática. O maior nódulo foi submetido a biópsia histológica, sendo compatível com hiperplasia de células neuroendócrinas. Após 4 anos de seguimento, observou-se crescimento dimensional desse mesmo nódulo, cujo resultado histológico foi compatível com tumor carcinóide típico.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Hiperplasia de células neuroendócrinas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Tumor carcinóide]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Doença pulmonar]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Tomografia computorizada.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Neuroendocrine cell hyperplasia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Carcinoid tumor]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Computed Tomography]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Lung disease.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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