<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2183-5985</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Acta Portuguesa de Nutrição]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Acta Port Nutr]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2183-5985</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Associação Portuguesa de Nutrição]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2183-59852025000100006</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.21011/apn.2025.4002</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[IMPACTO ECONÓMICO, SOCIAL E AMBIENTAL DO DESPERDÍCIO ALIMENTAR EM ESCOLAS DO DISTRITO DE VIANA DO CASTELO]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF FOOD WASTE IN THE SCHOOLS OF THE VIANA DO CASTELO DISTRICT]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Catarina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernandes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Liliana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Karim]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Susana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Monteiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[João Paulo]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cerqueira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manuel António]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cláudia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cunha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Joana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cerqueira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Miguel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pinto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Marta]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Unidade Local de Saúde do Alto Minho Serviço de Nutrição ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Viana do Castelo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,USPAM - Unidade de Saúde Pública do Alto Minho  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Viana do Castelo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>40</numero>
<fpage>6</fpage>
<lpage>10</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2183-59852025000100006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2183-59852025000100006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2183-59852025000100006&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[RESUMO  INTRODUÇÃO:  É reconhecido a nível mundial que o desperdício alimentar é um problema global, com elevado impacto económico, social e ambiental e, consequentemente, de grande importância para a sustentabilidade alimentar e do planeta. Sendo também este problema reconhecido pelas escolas, e sendo estas espaços por excelência de educação das nossas crianças e jovens, determinar de que forma o desperdício alimentar por eles gerado na refeição escolar pode ter impacto no seu futuro, é essencial para a consciencialização daqueles que são o futuro do país e do planeta.  OBJETIVOS:  Este estudo pretende estimar o impacto económico, social e ambiental do desperdício alimentar em 3 escolas do distrito de Viana do Castelo.  METODOLOGIA:  Foi avaliado o desperdício alimentar da refeição do almoço, através da quantificação do peso da refeição produzida, peso das sobras e peso dos restos, em 3 escolas, num total de 15 dias de avaliação, 5 dias seguidos ou interpolados em cada escola. Através deste, foi estimado o custo, a correspondente pegada de carbono e hídrica gerada, assim como o número de alunos que poderiam ser alimentados com este desperdício.  RESULTADOS:  Estimou-se que os 873 kg de desperdício alimentar gerado têm um custo diário de 140 euros, com os quais poderiam ser alimentados 93 alunos. Diariamente são desperdiçados, aproximadamente, 488 m3 de água e emitidos 198 kg de equivalentes de CO2 .  CONCLUSÕES:  O desperdício alimentar apurado nas 3 escolas em análise representa um grande impacto no seu orçamento anual, sendo extremamente elevado a nível ambiental. Urge determinar as suas causas e encontrar estratégias que permitam a sua redução, sem descurar a promoção de uma refeição escolar saudável e equilibrada do ponto de vista nutricional.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  INTRODUCTION:  It is worldwide recognized that food waste is a global problem, with a high economic, social and environmental impact and, consequently, of great importance for food and planet sustainability. As schools also recognize this problem, and as privileged space of education of our children and young people, understanding the impact of food waste generated in school meals on their future is essential for the awareness of those who are the future of our country and our planet.  OBJECTIVES:  This study aimed to estimate the economic, social and environmental impact of food waste in 3 schools in Viana do Castelo district.  METHODOLOGY:  The food waste of the lunch meal was evaluated through the quantification of the weight of the meal produced, leftovers and plate waste, in the 3 schools, in a total of 15 days, 5 consecutive or interpolated. Through this, it was estimated the cost and the carbon and water footprint that this food waste produces, as well as the number of students who could be fed with it.  RESULTS:  It was estimated that the 873 kg of food waste produced has a daily cost of 140 euros, which could feed 93 students. Approximately 488 m3 of water is wasted daily and 198 kg of CO2 equivalents are emitted.  CONCLUSIONS:  The food waste found in the 3 schools under analysis represents a great impact on their annual budget, being extremely high at an environmental level. It is urgent to determine the causes of food waste and find strategies to reduce it, without neglecting the promotion of a healthy and nutritionally balanced school meal.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Desperdício Alimentar]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Económico e Social]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Impacto Ambiental]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Refeições Escolares]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Food Waste]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Economic and Social Impact]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Environmental]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[School Lunch]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Leiria Sabino Viegas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CDF]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[O Desperdício Alimentar em Contexto Escolar: Conhecimento, Sensibilidade e Consciência (Estudo de Caso)]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universidade do Algarve]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Conselho da União Europeia e do Conselho Europeu</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Reduzir as perdas e o desperdício alimentares]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Europa.eu]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>United Nations Environment Programme</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Food Waste Index Report 2024]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>FAO</collab>
<collab>IFAD</collab>
<collab>UNICEF</collab>
<collab>WFP</collab>
<collab>WHO</collab>
<source><![CDATA[The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2023: Urbanization, agrifood systems transformation and healthy diets across the rural urban continuum]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Rome ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[FAO]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Impacts on natural resources Food wastage footprint]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Eurostat</collab>
<source><![CDATA[European Union]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Conselho Europeu e Conselho da União Europeia</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Desperdício alimentar: prevenir, reutilizar, reciclar]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>European Commission</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Food loss and waste prevention]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Global food losses and food waste - Extent, causes and prevention]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Food wastage footprint &amp; Climate Change]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Food Wastage Footprint: Full cost-accounting - Final Report]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>European Commission</collab>
<source><![CDATA[European Consumer Food Waste Forum | Knowledge for policy]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodrigues Araújo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gonçalves]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernandes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Cumprimento de capitações escolares no distrito de Viana do Castelo: avaliação 2009/2012]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Pública]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>33</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rocha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Afonso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oliveira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gonçalves]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernandes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Modelos de Gestão de Oferta Alimentar em Refeitórios Escolares do Alto Minho - Comparação no Âmbito do Projeto P0DE]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Portuguesa de Nutrição]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>32</volume>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Laurentiis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcia Herrero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Foschi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sala]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Food Waste Prevention Calculator]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<numero>JRC134816</numero>
<issue>JRC134816</issue>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Ispra ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[European Commission]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernandes De Melo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[A perceção dos consumidores universitários face ao desperdício alimentar e a sustentabilidade]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vittuari]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Azzurro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gaiani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gheoldus]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burgos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Aramyan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Recommendations and guidelines for a common European food waste policy framework]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[Loss of Food and Agriculture]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stuart]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Waste: Uncovering the global food scandal]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[WW Norton &amp; Company]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rocha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ribeiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Impacto económico do desperdício alimentar num centro escolar]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Portuguesa de Nutrição]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<page-range>36-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moura]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Sousa Rodrigues]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mayra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Araújo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lima Do Nascimento]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benvindo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Avaliação do Índice de Resto Ingestão e Sobras em Unidade de Alimentação e Nutrição localizada no Campus Picos do Instituto Federal do Piauí]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Teixeira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Afonso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ávila]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Avaliação do desperdício alimentar da refeição almoço em duas escolas públicas do distrito de Aveiro]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Acta Portuguesa de Nutrição]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<page-range>30-5</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sundin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Halvarsson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Runa]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scherhaufer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schneider]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eriksson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[From plate to waste: Composition of school meal waste and associated carbon footprint and nutrient loss.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Resources, conservation and recycling]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<volume>206</volume>
<page-range>107656</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Albizzati]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tonini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Astrup]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[TF]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A Quantitative Sustainability Assessment of Food Waste Management in the European Union]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Environmental Science &amp; Technology]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>55</volume>
<numero>23</numero>
<issue>23</issue>
<page-range>16099-109</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Papargyropoulou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lozano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[J]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K. Steinberger]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wright]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ujang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z bin]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The food waste hierarchy as a framework for the management of food surplus and food waste]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Journal of Cleaner Production]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>76</volume>
<numero>76</numero>
<issue>76</issue>
<page-range>106-15</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Derqui]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fernandez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The opportunity of tracking food waste in school canteens: Guidelines for self-assessment]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Waste Management]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>69</volume>
<page-range>431-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soares Pinho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[O Papel Das Normas E Das Atitudes Na Redução Do Desperdício Alimentar Em Contexto Escolar]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[ISCTE - Instituto Universitário de Lisboa]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pires]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Desperdício Alimentar]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Fundação Francisco Manuel dos Santos]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29.</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Gabinete da Secretária de Estado Adjunta e da Educação</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Despacho n.o 5296/2017]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
