<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2183-8453</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional online]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[RPSO]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2183-8453</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ajeogene Serviços Médicos Lda]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2183-84532019000200042</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.31252/rpso.27.07.2019</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[AUTISMO E SAÚDE OCUPACIONAL]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[AUTISM AND OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Almeida]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lopes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oliveira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Revista Portuguesa de Saúde Ocupacional online  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Católica Portuguesa Escola de Enfermagem Instituto da Ciências da Saúde]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Escola Superior de Saúde Vale do Ave  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Católica Portuguesa  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>31</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>31</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2019</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>8</volume>
<fpage>S262</fpage>
<lpage>S278</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2183-84532019000200042&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2183-84532019000200042&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2183-84532019000200042&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[RESUMO  Introdução/ enquadramento/ objetivos: A prevalência das diversas patologias inseridas no quadro do Espetro do Autismo tem vindo a aumentar em diversos países. Parte destes indivíduos está já em idade ativa (ou pouco tempo faltará para nela se inserir), pelo que as questões levantadas em relação à Saúde Ocupacional e Orientação/ Formação Vocacional/ Profissional serão cada vez mais relevantes. Para além disso, as caraterísticas em diversos Autistas são muito diversas, pelo que se torna relevante que os profissionais a exercer dentro das Equipas de Saúde Ocupacional tenham alguns conhecimentos nesta área.  Metodologia: Trata-se de uma Scoping Review, iniciada através de uma pesquisa realizada em abril de 2019 nas bases de dados &#8220;CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina, Academic Search Ultimate, Science Direct, Web of Science, SCOPUS e RCAAP&#8221;.  Conteúdo: A Perturbação do Espectro Autista pode ser definido como uma alteração neurológica caraterizada por alterações na fala e linguagem, bem como diferenças significativas na forma de interagir com pessoas, objetos e eventos; é uma alteração do neurodesenvolvimento que dificulta a independência, relações sociais e qualidade de vida. Carateriza-se pela dificuldade existente a nível de interação social/ comunicação verbal e não verbal, bem como comportamentos repetitivos e interesses específicos/ restritos. Contudo, a gravidade varia bastante. Fica percetível durante a infância (geralmente até os três anos) e permanece durante toda a vida. Contudo, existem investigadores que consideram que é possível que algumas questões comportamentais e linguísticas possam atenuar-se com o tempo. Indivíduos com Síndroma de Asperger geralmente não apresentam limitações a nível da linguagem ou processos cognitivos. Aliás, até existe a designação de &#8220;Autistas de alto funcionamento ou desempenho&#8221;- HFASD (High Function Autism Spectrum Disorder) para elementos com Quociente de Inteligência na média ou acima dela.  Discussão/ Conclusões: A generalidade dos estudos publicados incide em amostras pequenas e/ ou enviesadas, ou seja, na maioria dos casos incluindo apenas os indivíduos com menos limitações, pelo que as conclusões poderão não se generalizar a todos os Autistas. De qualquer forma existem postos de trabalho que poderão ser desempenhados por estes indivíduos (mesmo os com limitações específicas), sendo que também existem tarefas laborais em que alguns poderão ter desempenhos excelentes, totalmente acima dos neurotípicos, devido às suas caraterísticas e interesses particulares. Seria pertinente ter acesso a estatísticas nacionais atualizadas relativas à percentagem destes indivíduos que trabalham, quais os postos/ tarefas que executam, qual o seu desempenho, bem como quais as vantagens e desvantagens que os colegas/ chefias e empregadores sentem. Se as Equipas de Saúde Ocupacional estiverem minimamente familiarizadas com o tema, poderão com maior facilidade abordar esta questão e criar mais postos de trabalho para estes indivíduos, com todos os benefícios humanos, sociais e económicos inerentes (para o próprio, familiares e sociedade em geral).]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[ABSTRACT  Introduction/ objectives: The prevalence of the various pathologies inserted in the autism framework has been increasing in several countries. Some of these individuals are already on active age (or short time will be needed to enter it), so the issues raised in relation to Occupational Health Vocational Training will be increasingly relevant. In addition, the characteristics in Autists are very diverse, reason why it becomes relevant that the professionals that work within the Teams of Occupational Health have some knowledge in this area.  Methodology: This is an Scoping Review, initiated through a survey conducted in April 2019 in the databases "CINALH plus with full text, Medline with full text, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Methodology Register, Nursing and Allied Health Collection: comprehensive, MedicLatina, Academic Search Ultimate, Science Direct, Web of Science, SCOPUS and RCAAP.  Content: Autism can be defined as a neurological disorder characterized by changes in speech and language, as well as significant differences in the way people interact with objects and events; is a neurodevelopmental change that hinders independent living, social relations and quality of life. It is characterized by the difficulty existing in social interaction/ verbal and non-verbal communication, as well as repetitive behaviors and specific/ restricted interests. However, the severity varies greatly. It becomes noticeable during childhood (usually up to three years) and remains throughout life. However, there are researchers who consider that it is possible that some behavioural and linguistic issues may fade over time. Individuals with Asperger's usually do not present limitations in language or cognitive processes; there is even the designation of "High Function Autism Spectrum Disorder" (HFASD) for elements with an Intelligence Quotient at or above average.  Discussion/ Conclusions: Most of the published studies focus on small and/ or skewed samples, that is, in most cases including only the individuals with the least limitations, so the findings may not be generalized to all. In any case there are jobs that can be performed by these individuals (even those with some specific limitations), and there are also work tasks in which some can perform excellent, totally above the neurotypical employees, due to their particular characteristics and interests. It would be pertinent to have access to up-to-date national statistics on the percentage of Autistic workers, which jobs/ tasks they have, how they perform and what the advantages and disadvantages that peers and employers feel. If the Occupational Health Teams are minimally familiar with the subject, they can more easily address this issue with some employers and create more jobs for these individuals with all the inherent human, social and economic benefits (for themselves, family members and society in general).]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Perturbação do Espectro Autista]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Autismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Saúde Ocupacional e Medicina do Trabalho]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Autism Spectrum Disorder]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Autism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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