<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2184-0180</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Convergências - Revista de Investigação e Ensino das Artes]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Revista Convergências]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2184-0180</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Escola Superior de Artes AplicadasInstituto Politécnico Castelo Branco]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2184-01802025000100027</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.53681/c1514225187514391s.35.333</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Graphic design - a means of communication through symbols]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Design gráfico - um meio de comunicação através de símbolos]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Drumeva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Krasimira]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,St. Cyril and St. Methodius University  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Veliko Tarnovo ]]></addr-line>
<country>Bulgaria</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>35</numero>
<fpage>27</fpage>
<lpage>38</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2184-01802025000100027&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2184-01802025000100027&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2184-01802025000100027&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract In the genesis of his existence, man had an experiential need to explore the world around and to communicate with his fellows in order to survive and continue the kin. The need for social connections provoked the development and improvement of verbal and non-verbal communication. All the knowledge of humanity is transmitted and stored through language, writing, behaviour and images. Due to the specific nature of human perceptions, non-verbal means of interaction are much more effective and natural. For these reasons, graphic design, as a means of visual communication, widely applies a non-verbal presentation of content through images and symbols to reach a wide audience. This article aims to explore the application of images, which already carry much more complex meanings, in the process of sharing information. The focus of research is the process of interaction between the images applied in graphic design and the context, and their transformation into symbols. The article explores the interpretation of symbols, which are given much more qualitative characteristics in order to build on new ideas that the process of content visualization requires.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo Na génese da sua existência, o ser humano sentia uma necessidade experiencial de explorar o mundo que o rodeava e de comunicar com os seus semelhantes para sobreviver e garantir a continuidade da família. A necessidade de estabelecer ligações sociais levou ao desenvolvimento e aperfeiçoamento da comunicação verbal e não verbal. Todo o conhecimento da humanidade é transmitido e armazenado através da linguagem, da escrita, do comportamento e das imagens. Devido à natureza específica das percepções humanas, os meios não verbais de interação revelam-se muito mais eficazes e naturais. Por estas razões, o design gráfico, enquanto meio de comunicação visual, recorre amplamente à apresentação não verbal de conteúdos através de imagens e símbolos, com o intuito de alcançar um público alargado. Este artigo tem como objectivo explorar a aplicação de imagens - que, por si só, transportam significados bastante mais complexos - no processo de partilha de informação. O foco da investigação é o processo de interação entre as imagens utilizadas no design gráfico e o contexto, e a sua consequente transformação em símbolos. O artigo analisa ainda a interpretação desses símbolos, que adquirem características mais qualitativas, contribuindo para o desenvolvimento de novas ideias exigidas pelo processo de visualização de conteúdos.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[graphic design]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[visual communication]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[image]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[symbol]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[poster]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[design gráfico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[comunicação visual]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[imagem]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[símbolo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[cartaz]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Berov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Semiotika na izkustvoto]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Varna ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Izdatelstvo, Zograf]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Biderman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Rechnik na simvolite]]></source>
<year>2003</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Izdatel ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Riva]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bruce-Mitford]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Signs and Symbols: An Illustrated Guide to Their Origins and Meanings]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Dorling Kindersley Ltd]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eliade]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Images and symbols: studies in religious symbolism]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Princeton, N.J ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Princeton University Press]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Frutiger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Signs and Symbols: Their Design and Meaning]]></source>
<year>1998</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[New York ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Watson-Guptill Publications]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Georgiev]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Grafichen dizayn i usvoyavane na pismenite znatsi]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Blagoevgrad ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Universi-tetsko izdatelstvo &#8222;Neofit Rilski]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Georgieva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Design for social causes]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<page-range>146-55</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hegel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Estetika]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hillman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Re-Visioning Psychology]]></source>
<year>1997</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[William Morrow Paperbacks]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Markova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Aspects of Communication in the Consumer-Product Relation-ship. The Simplicity of Form as the Main Factor]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[5th International Conference on Communi-cations, Information, Electronic and Energy Systems]]></source>
<year>2024</year>
<page-range>1-4</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Bulgaria ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Veliko Tarnovo]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shevalie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Zh.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Geerbrant]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Rechnik na simvolite]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Petrikov ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sofiya]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Spasova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Deveto mezhdunarodno trienale na stsenichniya plakat - 2019]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[ARTizanin - spisanie za kultura i izkustva]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<page-range>28-35</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Argos ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Izdatel]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Spasova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ikonomov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yonov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Catalogue of the International Triennial of the Stage Poster - Sofia]]></source>
<year>1995</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[International Triennial of the Stage Poster]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tonkova]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Ekipat kato kreativna sistema. Usloviya i stimuli za efektivna savmestna tvorcheska deynost v ramkite na proekt &#8222;Ekoartlogiya - vitrazhna galeriya na otkrito]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Biblioteka DIOGEN. Kniga &#8222;Psihologiya]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<page-range>285-300</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
