<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2184-0628</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Gazeta Médica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Gaz Med]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2184-0628</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Círculo Médico]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2184-06282020000300254</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29315/gm.v7i3.283</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Síndrome da Hiperémese dos Canabinoides: Uma Revisão Prática para Clínicos]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Cannabinoid Hyperemesis Syndrome: A Practical Review for Clinicians]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Tiago]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oliveira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Catarina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dehanov]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Sara]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Figueiredo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Inês]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Manuel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morins]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Mariana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Prof. Dr. Fernando Fonseca EPE Departamento de Saúde Mental ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Amadora ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital Prof. Dr. Fernando Fonseca EPE Departamento de Saúde Mental ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Amadora ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>30</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>30</day>
<month>09</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>254</fpage>
<lpage>262</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2184-06282020000300254&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2184-06282020000300254&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2184-06282020000300254&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo A primeira descrição clínica da síndrome da hiperémese dos canabinoides advém de um artigo de Allen et al publicado em 2004. Desde então, várias publicações têm-se focado na sua conceptualização e abordagem clínica, embora se mantenha pouco conhecida na comunidade médica. Esta síndrome é caracterizada pela tríade de consumo crónico de canabinoides, hiperémese cíclica, e banhos ou duches quentes compulsivos como forma de alívio sintomatológico. Podem ainda ocorrer dor abdominal e outros sintomas. A sua verdadeira prevalência é desconhecida, embora se acumule evidência de que é mais frequente do que outrora julgado. Foram aventadas várias hipóteses para a sua patogénese, nomeadamente relacionadas com recetores canabinoides e vaniloides, o eixo hipotálamo-hipófise-adrenal e o sistema nervoso simpático. Em termos terapêuticos, justificam-se medidas de suporte (p.e. hidratação) na fase aguda, existindo evidência para a utilização de benzodiazepinas (nomeadamente lorazepam), haloperidol ou capsaicina tópica para alívio sintomático. A única intervenção que interrompe o quadro é a abstinência dos consumos, devendo ser feita psicoeducação e orientação adequadas do doente. O conhecimento relativo a esta patologia encontra-se em crescimento. A falta de sensibilização para a doença pode conduzir a testes de diagnóstico invasivos e dispendiosos, inúmeras idas ao serviço de urgência e manutenção do quadro clínico sem resolução sintomatológica. O presente artigo visa sistematizar as linhas de intervenção clínica e fomentar uma maior consciencialização dos profissionais de saúde sobre esta entidade, permitindo uma melhor identificação e abordagem terapêutica deste quadro.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The first clinical description of cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome comes from an article by Allen et al. published in 2004. Since then, several publications have focused on its conceptualization and clinical approach, although it remains largely unknown among the medical community. This syndrome is characterized by the triad of chronic cannabinoid consumption, cyclic hyperemesis, and compulsive hot baths or showers for symptom relief. Abdominal pain and other symptoms may also occur. Its true prevalence is unknown, despite growing evidence that it is more frequent than previously thought. There are several hypotheses that aim to explain its pathogenesis, namely related to the cannabinoid and vanilloid receptors, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system. Regarding its therapeutic approach, support measures could be justified in the acute phase (e.g. hydration), and there is evidence for the utilization of benzodiazepines (especially lorazepam), haloperidol and topical capsaicin for symptomatic relief. The only intervention that leads to the definite remission of symptoms is abstinence of cannabinoid use, with psychoeducation and adequate therapeutic guidance of the patient. Our knowledge about cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome is still growing. The lack of awareness of the disease can lead to invasive and expensive diagnostic tests, multiple visits to the emergency department, and persistence of symptoms. This article aims to systematize the lines of clinical intervention of the disease and to promote a greater awareness of this entity among health professionals, allowing for a better identification and therapeutic approach of the condition.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Abuso de Marijuana/complicações]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Canabinoides/envenenamento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Comportamento Compulsivo/induzido quimicamente]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Síndrome]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Vómitos/induzido quimicamente]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Vómitos/tratamento]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cannabinoids/poisoning]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Compulsive Behavior/chemically induced]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Marijuana Abuse/complications]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Syndrome]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Vomiting/chemically induced]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Vomiting/therapy]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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