<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2184-0628</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Gazeta Médica]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Gaz Med]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2184-0628</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Círculo Médico]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2184-06282022000200133</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29315/gm.v9i2.541</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Provas de Provocação Oral com Alimentos: Um Risco Necessário]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Oral Food Challenge Tests: A Necessary Risk]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soares]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Joana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Adriana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stella]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lorena]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Praça]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Fátima]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romariz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jorge]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Costa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Herculano]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pedrosa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cláudia]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Hospitalar do Tâmega e Sousa Serviço de Pediatria e Neonatologia ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Penafiel ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho Serviço de Pediatria ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Vila Nova de Gaia ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Hospitalar Vila Nova de Gaia/Espinho Unidade de Imunoalergologia Pediátrica ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Vila Nova de Gaia ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>30</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>30</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>133</fpage>
<lpage>140</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2184-06282022000200133&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2184-06282022000200133&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2184-06282022000200133&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo  Introdução:  A prevalência da alergia alimentar tem vindo a aumentar nos últimos anos. O seu diagnóstico é difícil, dadas as diferentes apresentações e a existência de inúmeros fatores confundidores. A prova de provocação oral (PPO) é o gold standard para diagnóstico de alergia alimentar, no entanto não é isenta de riscos. Os nossos objetivos foram a caracterização de população submetida a prova de provocação oral a alimentos em unidade de Imunoalergologia Pediátrica. Assim como, a avaliação do risco inerente às PPO com alimentos e identificação de fatores de risco que podem levar à necessidade de utilizar cateter periférico.  Métodos:  Estudo descritivo, retrospetivo de provas de provocação oral com alimentos realizadas numa unidade de Imunoalergologia Pediátrica de um hospital nível II entre janeiro de 2018 e dezembro de 2020.  Resultados:  Foram analisadas 90 PPO a diferentes alimentos: leite (39), peixe (14), ovo (13), frutos secos (6), fruta fresca (6), marisco (6), moluscos (6), amendoim (3) e cacau (1). As manifestações iniciais de alergia alimentar foram diversas, sendo as mais frequentes: urticária/angioedema (24,4%, n=22) e anafilaxia (21%, n=19). Trinta e dois porcento das provas de provocação orais foram positivas; 51,7% dos doentes com PPO positiva tinha antecedentes de asma, rinite ou dermatite atópica. Durante a realização da PPO ocorreram 8 anafilaxias, 50% das quais em provas de provocação oral ao leite.  Conclusão:  As provas de provocação oral realizadas em ambiente hospitalar com supervisão especializada são seguras, no entanto, existem riscos inerentes à sua realização. Na nossa amostra, cerca de um terço dos doentes teve uma prova de provocação oral positiva, no entanto, não foi possível identificar fatores de risco para a necessidade de utilização de cateter venoso periférico. Poderão ser realizados estudos prospetivos com este objetivo.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Introduction:  Food allergy has been on the rise in recent years. Its diagnosis is difficult, given the diverse presentations and the existence of numerous confounding factors. The oral food challenge (OFC) is the gold standard for diagnosing food allergy, however it is not without risks. Our objectives were the characterization of the population submitted to OFC in a pediatric immunoallergology unit, as well as the assessment of the risks inherent to OFC and to identify risk factors associated with the need to use a peripheral catheter.  Methods:  Descriptive, retrospective study of oral provocation tests carried out in a Pediatric Immunoalergology Unit of a level II hospital between January 2018 and December 2020.  Results:  Ninety PPO to different foods were analyzed: milk (39), fish (14), egg (13), dried fruit (6), fresh fruit (6), mollusks (6), shellfish (6), peanuts (3) and cocoa (1). The most frequently reported initial manifestations of food allergy were urticaria/angioedema (24.4%, n=22) and anaphylaxis (21%, n=19). We had 32.2% positive OFC; 51.7% of children with positive OFC had a history of asthma, rhinitis or atopic dermatitis. During the OFC there were 8 anaphylaxis, 50% of them in milk OFC.  Conclusion:  Oral food challenges performed in a hospital environment with specialized supervision are safe, however there are inherent risks to their performance. In our sample, approximately one third of patients had a positive oral challenge, however, it was not possible to identify risk factors associated with the need to use peripheral venous catheter. Prospective studies may be carried out to clarify this issue.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Criança]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Hipersensibilidade Alimentar/diagnóstico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Hipersensibilidade Alimentar/imunologia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Testes Imunológicos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Child]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Food Hypersensitivity/diagnosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Food Hypersensitivity/immunology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Immunologic Tests]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calvani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bianchi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reginelli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peresso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Testa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Oral Food Challenge]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Medicina]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>55</volume>
<page-range>651</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Calvani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Berti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fiocchi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Galli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Giorgio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martelli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Oral food challenge: safety, adherence to guidelines and predictive value of skin prick testing]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatr Allergy Immunol]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<page-range>755-61</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anagnostou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Safety of Oral Food Challenges in Early Life]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Children]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>5</volume>
<page-range>65</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Horvatich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chong-Silva]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riedi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chong-Neto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rosário]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Utilidade do teste de provocação oral aberto no diagnóstico de alergia alimentar]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Arq Asma Alerg Imunol]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<page-range>4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Upton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bird]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Oral food challenges: Special considerations]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>124</volume>
<page-range>451-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sampson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Muñoz-Furlong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Campbell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adkinson Jr]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bock]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Branum]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Second symposium on the definition and management of anaphylaxis: summary report-Second National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Disease/Food Allergy and Anaphylaxis Network symposium.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Allergy Clin Immunol]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>117</volume>
<page-range>391-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Itazawa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adachi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Takahashi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Miura]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Uehara]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kameda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The severity of reaction after food challenges depends on the indication: A prospective multicenter study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Pediatr Allergy Immunol]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<page-range>167-74</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abrams]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Becker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Oral food challenge outcomes in a pediatric tertiary care center]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<page-range>43</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Perry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matsui]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Conover-Walker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wood]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Risk of oral food challenges]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Allergy Clin Immunol]]></source>
<year>2004</year>
<volume>114</volume>
<page-range>1164-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lieberman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cox]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vitale]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sampson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Outcomes of office-based, open food challenges in the management of food allergy]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Allergy Clin Immunol]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>128</volume>
<page-range>1120-2</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Järvinen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amalanayagam]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shreffler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[WG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Noone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sicherer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Epinephrine treatment is infrequent and biphasic reactions are rare in food-induced reactions during oral food challenges in children]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Allergy Clin Immunol]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>124</volume>
<page-range>1267-72</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Karaman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bahçeci]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nacaro&#287;lu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Karaman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Can]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Is Oral Food Challenge (OFC) test safe for preschool children?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<page-range>220-3</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
