<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2184-2078</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Political Observer - Revista Portuguesa de Ciência Política]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[PO-RPCP]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2184-2078</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[OBSERVATÓRIO POLÍTICO ]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2184-20782021000200115</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.33167/2184-2078.rpcp2021.16/pp.115-135</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Partido Acción Democrática (AD) y la democracia en Venezuela. Un análisis histórico a ochenta años de la fundación de AD]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Democratic Action Party (AD) and democracy in Venezuela. A historical analysis eighty years after the founding of AD]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rafael Gustavo Miranda]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Alberto Hoyos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad de los Andes Grupo de Investigaciones Sobre Estudios del Desarrollo y Democracia (GISEDD) ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Venezuela</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidad Simón Bolívar Estudios Generales ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Venezuela</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>30</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>30</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2021</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>16</volume>
<fpage>115</fpage>
<lpage>135</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2184-20782021000200115&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2184-20782021000200115&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2184-20782021000200115&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="es"><p><![CDATA[Resumen Los partidos políticos son las instituciones políticas por excelencia y la existencia de partidos y sistemas de partidos efectivos son el resultado de garantías de derechos fundamentales de la democracia. Por ello, el objetivo de esta investigación es analizar el co - origen y la interdependencia entre Acción Democrática y la democracia en Venezuela. La metodología utilizada es histórico - analítico, ya que el rastreo inductivo de contextos amplios y la descomposición secuencial de la narrativa histórica densa, nos permite inferir los eventos claves y sus configuraciones causales con un peso explicativo mayor. En el artículo se afirma que, Acción Democrática, sus relaciones internas y con otros actores, es una variable fundamental para entender el origen, auge, declive y quiebre de la democracia en Venezuela.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Political parties are the political institutions par excellence and the existence of parties and effective party systems are the result of guarantees of fundamental rights of democracy. Therefore, the aim of this research is to analyze the co - origin and interdependence between Democratic Action and democracy in Venezuela. The methodology used is historical - analytical since the inductive tracing of broad contexts and the sequential decomposition of the dense historical narrative allows us to infer the key events and their causal configurations with a greater explanatory weight. The article states that Democratic Action, its internal relations and with other actors, is a fundamental variable to understand the origin, rise, decline and breakdown of democracy in Venezuela.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Democracia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Acción Democrática]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Venezuela]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Histórico - analítico]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="es"><![CDATA[Rómulo Betancourt]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Democracy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Acción Democrática]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Venezuela]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Historical - analytical]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Rómulo Betancourt]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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