<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2184-5263</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[População e Sociedade]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[População e Sociedade]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2184-5263</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CEPESE - Centro de Estudos da População, Economia e Sociedade]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2184-52632020000100030</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Crossbowmen in late medieval Portugal and Sweden. A comparison]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Besteiros em Portugal e na Suécia em finais da Idade Média. Uma comparação]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Leandro]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Skoog]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Martin Neuding]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,University of Porto  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Porto ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Swedish Defence University  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Stockholm ]]></addr-line>
<country>Sweden</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>33</numero>
<fpage>30</fpage>
<lpage>51</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2184-52632020000100030&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2184-52632020000100030&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2184-52632020000100030&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This paper aims to compare militia organizations in two peripheral late medieval kingdoms: Portugal and Sweden. In the Portuguese case, the «besteiros do conto» (crossbowmen) militia is the object of study, whereas in Sweden, the rural «uppbåd» peasant militia is analyzed. In this study, these two objects are compared in terms of origins, organization, leadership, relation to state or royal power, forms of service reimbursement, strategies of recruitment and training, campaign performance, estimated professionalism and impact on martial society. The aim is further to assess on what points we find similar developments, but also how they differ and the possible reasons for it.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo Este artigo procura analisar dois corpos de combatentes armados com besta em dois reinos periféricos: Portugal e Suécia. Por um lado, para o caso português, será usado como objeto de estudo os besteiros do conto. Por outro, serão analisadas milícias de besteiros que assumiram um papel relevante na organização do exército do reino sueco. Nesse sentido, este estudo procurará analisar as origens, a organização, a estrutura de comando, as relações desenvolvidas com o Estado ou os poderes régios, as diferentes formas de pagamento pelo serviço militar, as estratégias de recrutamento e de treino, o desempenho armado em campanhas militares e, por fim, a eventual &#8220;profissionalização&#8221; de ambas as milícias, assim como o proeminente papel que desempenharam em teatros de operações. Com este estudo comparativo procura-se conhecer eventuais similaridades e possíveis diferenças no desenvolvimento histórico de ambas as milícias, tentando encontrar as respostas para essas problemáticas.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[military organization]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[crossbow]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[medieval warfare]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Portugal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Sweden]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[organização militar]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[besteiros do conto]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[guerra medieval]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Portugal]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Suécia]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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