<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2184-5263</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[População e Sociedade]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[População e Sociedade]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2184-5263</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[CEPESE - Centro de Estudos da População, Economia e Sociedade]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2184-52632025000200171</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.52224/21845263/rev44v3</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Os limites do Direito Internacional perante a invasão russa da Ucrânia de 2022 - Uma perspetiva realista sobre o não cumprimento dos mandados de captura do Tribunal Penal Internacional pelos Estados no sistema internacional]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The limits of International Law before the Russian invasion of Ukraine of 2022 - A realist perspective about the non-compliance of International Criminal Court arrest warrants by States in the international system]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tavares]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[João]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade Lusófona  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Porto ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,CEAD Francisco Suárez  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Porto ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>12</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>44</numero>
<fpage>171</fpage>
<lpage>185</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2184-52632025000200171&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2184-52632025000200171&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2184-52632025000200171&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo A emissão do mandado de captura pelo Tribunal Penal Internacional contra o Presidente da Federação Russa, chefe de Estado de uma das cinco grandes potências com poder de veto no Conselho de Segurança das Nações Unidas foi amplamente objeto de contestação por parte de um conjunto de Estados aliados da Rússia, sendo um fator de divisão entre todos os Estados que atuam no sistema internacional. O propósito desta investigação é analisar os limites da aplicação do Direito Internacional perante os atores estatais envolvidos na guerra, e explicar de que forma, a limitação da aplicação do Direito Internacional contribui para o não cumprimento dos mandados de captura do Tribunal Penal Internacional pelos Estados no sistema internacional, sob a lente teórica da escola realista das Relações Internacionais.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The issuance of an arrest warrant by the International Criminal Court against the President of the Russian Federation, head of state of one of the five great powers with veto power in the United Nations Security Council, was widely contested by a group of allied states of Russia, being a factor of division between all States that operate in the international system. The purpose of our research is to analyse the limits of the application of International Law towards state actors involved in war, and to explain how the limitation of the application of International Law contributes to the non-compliance with the arrest warrants of the International Criminal Court by States in the international system, under the theoretical lens of the realistic school of International Relations.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Direito Internacional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Sistema Internacional]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Teorias das Relações Internacionais]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Realismo.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[International Law]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[International System]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[International Relations Theories]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Realism.]]></kwd>
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