<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2184-7770</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[New Trends in Qualitative Research]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[NTQR]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2184-7770</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ludomedia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2184-77702022000200008</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.36367/ntqr.11.2022.e554</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Nobody listens, nobody wants to hear you: Access to healthcare/social services for women in Canada]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Camargo-Plazas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Pilar]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Waite]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Jennifer]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sparringa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Michaela]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Whitfield]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Martha]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duhn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lenora]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,School of Nursing, Queen&#8217;s University  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Canada</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>30</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>30</day>
<month>10</month>
<year>2022</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>11</volume>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2184-77702022000200008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2184-77702022000200008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2184-77702022000200008&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract: In Canada, an unacceptable number of women live below the poverty threshold. Some subgroups of women, such as Indigenous, visible minorities, immigrants and refugees, older adults, and single mothers are more likely to live in poverty, as they face multiple systemic barriers preventing their financial stability. Further, socioeconomic status, employment, gender, and access to healthcare and social services negatively impact women&#8217;s well-being and health. Yet little is known about how these factors affect healthcare behaviours and experiences for women living on a low income. Our goal is to describe and understand how gender and income influence access to healthcare and social services for women living on a low income. Methods: Partnered with a not-for-profit organization, we explored the experiences of women living on a low income in Kingston, Canada. Using participatory, art-based research and hermeneutic phenomenological approaches, our data collection methods included photovoice, semi-structured interviews and culture circles. A purposive sample was recruited. Analysis was conducted following the social determinants of health framework by Loppie-Reading and Wien. Results: Participants perceived the healthcare and social services systems as unnecessarily complex, disrespectful, and dismissive-one where they are mere spectators without voice. They do not feel heard. They also identified problematic issues regarding living conditions, housing, and fresh food. Despite these experiences, participants are resilient and optimistic. Implications: Learning from participants has indicated priority issues and potential, pragmatic solutions to begin incremental improvements. Changing system design to enable self-selection of food items is one example. Conclusion: For an individual to feel others view them as unworthy of care, especially if those &#8216;others&#8217; are the care providers, is ethically and morally distressing-and it certainly does not invite system-use. While our early findings reveal considerable system improvements are required, we are inspired by and can learn from the strength of the participants.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Participatory action research]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Women]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[low income]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Access to healthcare]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Access to social services.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Angus]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lombardo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lowndes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cechetto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ahmad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bierman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Beyond barriers in studying disparities in women&#8217;s access to health services in Ontario, Canada: A qualitative metasynthesis.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Qualitative Health Research,]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>476-494.</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Benbow]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Forchuk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Berman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gorlick]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ward-Griffin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Spaces of exclusion: Safety, stigma, and surveillance of mothers experiencing homelessness.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Canadian Journal of Nursing Research]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>51</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>202-213.</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Berman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ford-Gilboe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moutrey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cekic]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Portraits of pain and promise: A photographic study of Bosnian youth.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Canadian Journal of Nursing Research]]></source>
<year>2001</year>
<volume>32</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>21-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Braveman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gottlieb]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The social determinants of health: It's time to consider the causes of the causes.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Public Health Reports]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>129</volume>
<numero>Suppl 2</numero>
<issue>Suppl 2</issue>
<page-range>19-31</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Camargo Plazas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cameron]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Using Freire's participatory educational method to understand the experience of living with chronic illness in the current age of globalization.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The journal of nursing research JNR,]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>83-93</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Camargo Plazas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. d. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cameron]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Neoliberal-oriented health care system answer to global competition or a threat to health equality for people with chronic illness.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Advances in Nursing Science]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>35</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>166-181.</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Camargo Plazas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cameron]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Milford]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hunt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bourque-Bearskin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Santos Salas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Engaging Indigenous youth through popular theatre: Knowledge mobilization of Indigenous peoples&#8217; perspectives on access to healthcare services.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Action Research]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>17</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>492-509</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cameron]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. L.,]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Camargo Plazas]]></surname>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Salas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. S.,]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bourque Bearskin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. L.,]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hungler]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Understanding inequalities in access to health care services for aboriginal people: a call for nursing action.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Advances in Nursing Science]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>37</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>E1-E16.</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Canadian Women&#8217;s Foundation [CWF].</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Fact sheet: Women and poverty in Canada.]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, &amp; Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council.</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, and Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada, Tri-Council policy statement: Ethical conduct for research involving humans.]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caspi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Davey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barsness]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gordon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bohen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Canterbury]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Peterson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pratt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Needs and Preferences Among Food Pantry Clients.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Preventing Chronic Disease,]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<page-range>E29-E29.</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. W. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gogovor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valois]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ahmed]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Age, gender, and current living status were associated with perceived access to treatment among Canadians using a cross sectional survey.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Health Services Research,]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>18</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>471</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chary]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Flood]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Austad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moore]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[King]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Martinez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lopez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dasgupta-Tsikinas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rohloff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Navigating bureaucracy: Accompanying Indigenous Maya patients with complex health care needs in Guatemala.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Human Organization]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>75</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>305-14</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dillon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Respect and care: Toward moral integration.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Canadian Journal of Philosophy,]]></source>
<year>1992</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>105-131.</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Drobruck Lowe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Social networks as an anti-poverty strategy.]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gadamer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. G.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Truth and method]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<edition>2nd</edition>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Continuum]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Georgie]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Holter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Busting bureaucracy in health and social care: Understanding and leading cultural change to solve a complex problem.]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gladu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Women&#8217;s unpaid work in Canada: Report of the standing committee on the status of women.]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hacker]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Community-based participatory research]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[SAGE Publications Ltd.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hansen-Ketchum]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Myrick]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Photo methods for qualitative research in nursing: An ontological and epistemological perspective.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Nursing Philosophy,]]></source>
<year>2008</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>205-213.</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Harris]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eyles]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Penn-Kekana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thomas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goudge]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Adverse or acceptable: Negotiating access to a post-apartheid health care contract.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Globalization and Health,]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>35-35.</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Heidegger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Hermeneutical phenomenology and fundamental ontology.]]></article-title>
<person-group person-group-type="editor">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moran]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T. M. D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The phenomenology reader]]></source>
<year>2002</year>
<page-range>243-308</page-range><publisher-name><![CDATA[Routledge]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hosseinpoor]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. A.,]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stewart Williams]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.,]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.,]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Araujo de Carvalho,]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I.,]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Beard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.,]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boerma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kowal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P.,]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Naidoo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.,]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chatterji]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Social determinants of self-reported health in women and men: understanding the role of gender in population health.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[PloS One]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>7</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kiani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Simbar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dolatian]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zayeri]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Correlation between social determinants of health and women's empowerment in reproductive decision-making among Iranian women.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Global Journal of Health Science,]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>8</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>54913</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lange]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. C. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dáu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. L. B. T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goldblum]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alfano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Smith]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A mixed methods investigation of the experience of poverty among a population of low-income parenting women.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Community Mental Health Journal,]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>53</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>832-841.</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lavee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Low-income women&#8217;s encounters with social services: Negotiation over power, knowledge and respectability.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The British Journal of Social Work,]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>47</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>1554-1571.</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lee]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Briggs]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[The cost of poverty in Ontario: 1 year later.]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lincoln]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guba]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Naturalistic inquiry.]]></source>
<year>1985</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sage]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lombardo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. P.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Angus]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lowndes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cechetto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Khattak]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ahmad]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bierman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Women's strategies to achieve access to healthcare in Ontario, Canada: A meta-synthesis.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Health &amp; Social Care in the Community,]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>575-587.</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Loppie-Reading]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wien]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Health inequalities and social determinants of Aboriginal people&#8217;s health.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[National Collaborating Centre for Aboriginal Health (NCCAH).]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marshall]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tjörnstrand]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Downs]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Devries]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Drake]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA["Nobody cares about you as a group of people": A mixed methods study of women living in congregate social housing in Ontario, Canada.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Housing and Society,]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>48</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>21-42.</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Matin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Williamson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Karyani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rezaei]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soofi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soltani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Barriers in access to healthcare for women with disabilities: A systematic review in qualitative studies.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Women's Health,]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>44-23.</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oetzel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wallerstein]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Duran]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sanchez-Youngman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nguyen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Woo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schulz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Keawe&#8216;aimoku Kaholokula]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Israel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Alegria]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Impact of participatory health research: A test of the Community-Based Participatory Research Conceptual Model.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BioMed Research International, 2018]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Segal-Engelchin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huss]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Massry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Arts-based methodology for knowledge co-production in social work.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The British Journal of Social Work,]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>50</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>1277-1294.</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>Statistics Canada.</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Focus on Geography Series, 2016 Census.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Statistics Canada Catalogue]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<month>a</month>
<volume>98</volume>
<numero>404-X2016001.</numero>
<issue>404-X2016001.</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>Statistics Canada.</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Kingston, CY [Census subdivision], Ontario and Canada [Country] (table). Census Profile. 2016 Census.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Statistics Canada Catalogue]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<month>b</month>
<volume>98</volume>
<numero>316-X2016001</numero>
<issue>316-X2016001</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>Social Determinants and Science Integration Directorate, Public Health Agency of Canada.</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Report summary - The Direct Economic Burden of Socioeconomic Health Inequalities in Canada: An Analysis of Health Care Costs by Income Level.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Health Promotion and Chronic Disease Prevention in Canada,]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>118-119.</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Socias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. E.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Koehoorn]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shoveller]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Gender inequalities in access to health care among adults living in British Columbia, Canada.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Women&#8217;s Health Issues,]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>26</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>74-79.</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>St. Vincent de Paul Society of Kingston (SVDP).</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Annual report 2019.]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[van Manen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Phenomenology of practice. Meaning-giving methods in phenomenological research and writing.]]></source>
<year>2014</year>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Left Coast Press.]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[van Manen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<source><![CDATA[Researching lived experience: Human science for an action sensitive pedagogy]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<edition>2nd</edition>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Routledge]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Q.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Coemans]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Siegesmund]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hannes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Arts-based methods in socially engaged research practice: A classification framework.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Art/Research International: A Transdisciplinary Journal]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>5-39.</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wanless]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mitchell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wister]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A. V.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Social Determinants of Health for Older Women in Canada: Does Rural-Urban Residency Matter?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Canadian Journal on Aging]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>29</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>233-247.</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Watson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crawley]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kane]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Social exclusion, health and hidden homelessness.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Public Health]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>139</volume>
<page-range>96-102</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Woodgate]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. L.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Busolo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D. S.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crockett]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dean]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R. A.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Amaladas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M. R.]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Plourde]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P. J.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A qualitative study on African immigrant and refugee families' experiences of accessing primary health care services in Manitoba, Canada: It's not easy.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[International Journal for Equity in Health]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>5-5.</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
