<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2341-4545</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[GE-Portuguese Journal of Gastroenterology]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[GE Port J Gastroenterol]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2341-4545</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedade Portuguesa de Gastrenterologia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2341-45452024000200001</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1159/000533161</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Management of Nonmalignant Portal Vein Thrombosis in Cirrhosis]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Abordagem à trombose não neoplásica da veia porta no doente cirrótico]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Capinha]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Francisco]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos Noronha]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte Hospital de Santa Maria Serviço de Gastrenterologia e Hepatologia]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lisbon ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade de Lisboa Faculdade de Medicina de Lisboa Clínica Universitária de Gastrenterologia]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lisbon ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>30</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>30</day>
<month>04</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<fpage>1</fpage>
<lpage>12</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2341-45452024000200001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2341-45452024000200001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2341-45452024000200001&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract Nonmalignant portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is a common complication of cirrhosis especially at the stage of decompensations. The diagnosis of PVT in cirrhosis is often incidental and it may be detected during routine semestral abdominal ultrasound with Doppler during screening for hepatocellular carcinoma or during hospitalization for decompensated cirrhosis. After detection of PVT on abdominal ultrasound, it is important to evaluate patients with cross-sectional imaging to determine the age of thrombus, whether acute or chronic, the extent and degree of luminal occlusion of the portal vein, and to rule out hepatocellular carcinoma or other underlying malignancy. Factors in&#64258;uencing management include the degree and extent of luminal occlusion of PVT, potential listing for liver transplantation, and portal hypertension (PHT) complications such as variceal hemorrhage and refractory ascites, severity of thrombocytopenia, and other comorbidities including chronic kidney disease. Anticoagulation is the most common therapeutic option and it is specially indicated in patients who are candidates for liver transplantation. Interventional procedures including transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement and mechanical thrombectomy may be used on a case-by-case basis in patients with contraindications or adverse events related to anticoagulation, who develop worsening PVT while on anticoagulant therapy, or have chronic PVT and PHT complications that are not manageable medically or endoscopically.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo A trombose da veia porta (TVP) é uma complicação frequente na cirrose, especialmente na fase de descompensação. O diagnóstico é na maioria das vezes realizado de forma incidental. durante o rastreio semestral para o carcinoma hematocelular com ecogra&#64257;a abdominal com doppler ou durante o internamento por episódio de descompensação da cirrose. Após a deteção de TVP numa ecogra&#64257;a abdominal com doppler, é importante a realização de um método de imagem complementar de corte axial para avaliar a idade do trombo, se agudo ou crónico, a extensão e grau de oclusão luminal da veia porta e para excluir carcinoma hepatocelular ou outra neoplasia subjacente. A gestão do doente depende do grau de oclusão e da extensão do trombo na circulação portal, mas também da possibilidade de ser candidato para transplante hepatico, complicações da hipertensão portal, gravidade de trombocitopenia e da existência de outras comorbilidades relevantes como a doença renal crónica. A anticoagulação é a principal opção terapêutica mas outros procedimentos como a colocação de TIPS e trombectomia mecânica devem ser pensados caso a caso, quando existem contra-indicações à anticoagulação, a resposta à terapêutica anticoagulante não é adequada ou existem complicações da hipertensão portal não abordáveis com terapêutica médica ou endoscópica.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Portal vein thrombosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Cirrhosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Anticoagulation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Prognosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Trombose da veia porta]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Cirrose]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Anticoagulação]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[TIPS]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Prognóstico]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Intagliata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caldwell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tripodi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A.]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diagnosis, development, and treatment of portal vein thrombosis in patients with and without cirrhosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Gastroenterology]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>156</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1582-99</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Senzolo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcia-Tsao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Pagán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Current knowledge and management of portal vein thrombosis in cirrhosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Hepatol]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>75</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>442-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Turon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Driever]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baiges]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cerda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Criado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Á]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gilabert]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Predicting portal thrombosis in cirrhosis a prospective study of clinical, ultrasonographic and hemostatic factors.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Hepatol]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>75</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>1367-76</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Noronha Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cortez-Pinto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tato Marinho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gonçalves]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Palma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Anticoagulation in cirrhosis and portal vein thrombosis is safe and improves prognosis in advanced cirrhosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Dig Dis Sci]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>64</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>2671-83</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ögren]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bergqvist]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Björck]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Acosta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Eriksson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sternby]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NH]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Portal vein thrombosis prevalence, patient characteristics and lifetime risk: a population study based on 23796 consecutive autopsies]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[World J Gastroenterol]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>13</numero>
<issue>13</issue>
<page-range>2115-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zocco]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Di Stasio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Cristofaro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Novi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ainora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ME]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ponziani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Thrombotic risk factors in patients with liver cirrhosis correlation with MELD scoring system and portal vein thrombosis development.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Hepatol]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>51</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>682-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nery]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chevret]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Condat]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Raucourt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boudaoud]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rautou]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PE]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Causes and consequences of portal vein thrombosis in 1,243 patients with cirrhosis results of a longitudinal study.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Hepatology]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>61</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>660-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Noronha Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marinho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cortez-Pinto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dias]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vasconcelos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Incidence, predictive factors and clinical significance of development of portal vein thrombosis in cirrhosis a prospective study]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Liver Int]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>39</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>1459-67</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[DeLeve]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valla]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcia-Tsao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Vascular disorders of the liver]]></article-title>
<collab>American Association for the Study Liver Diseases</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Hepatology]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>49</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>1729-64</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Romeiro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Primignani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Méndez-Sánchez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Evolution of nonmalignant portal vein thrombosis in liver cirrhosis a pictorial review]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Transl Gastroenterol]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<numero>10</numero>
<issue>10</issue>
<page-range>e00409-8</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Faccia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ainora]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ME]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ponziani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Riccardi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcovich]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gasbarrini]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Portal vein thrombosis in cirrhosis why a wellknown complication is still matter of debate]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[World J Gastroenterol]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>25</volume>
<numero>31</numero>
<issue>31</issue>
<page-range>4437-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Anton]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Campreciós]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pérez-Campuzano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Orts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Pagán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández-Gea]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The pathophysiology of portal vein thrombosis in cirrhosis getting deeper into virchow&amp;apos;s triad]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Clin Med]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>11</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>800</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abdel-Razik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mousa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Elhelaly]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tawfik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[De-novo portal vein thrombosis in liver cirrhosis risk factors and correlation with the Model for End-stage Liver Disease scoring system.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol]]></source>
<year>2015</year>
<volume>27</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>585-92</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maruyama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Okugawa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Takahashi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yokosuka]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[De novo portal vein thrombosis in virus-related cirrhosis predictive factors and long-term outcomes]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Gastroenterol]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>108</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>568-74</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Stefano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Silva-Junior]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Goyal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nonselective betablockers and development of portal vein thrombosis in liver cirrhosis a systematic review and meta-analysis.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Hepatol Int]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>468-81</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lisman]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernandez-Gea]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Magnusson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roberts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stanworth]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thachil]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[The concept of rebalanced hemostasis in patients with liver disease communication from the ISTH SSC working group on hemostatic management of patients with liver disease]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Thromb Haemost]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>19</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>1116-22</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Stine]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Argo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pelletier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maluf]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caldwell]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SH]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Northup]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Advanced nonalcoholic steatohepatitis cirrhosis a high-risk population for pre-liver transplant portal vein thrombosis.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[World J Hepatol]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>9</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>139-46</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ayala]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grande]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bustelos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ribera]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Sesma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jimenez]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Obesity is an independent risk factor for pre-transplant portal vein thrombosis in liver recipients]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[BMC Gastroenterol]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>12</volume>
<page-range>114</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Driever]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[EG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[von Meijenfeldt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Adelmeijer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Haas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nonmalignant portal vein thrombi in patients with cirrhosis consist of intimal fibrosis with or without a fibrin-rich thrombus]]></article-title>
<collab>van den Heuvel MC.Nagasami C</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Hepatology]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>75</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>898-911</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nicoara-Farcau]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[O]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Soy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Magaz]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baiges]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Turon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcia-Criado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[New insights into the pathogenesis, risk factors, and treatment of portal vein thrombosis in patients with cirrhosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Semin Thromb Hemost]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>46</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>673-81</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>European Association for the Study of the Liver</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[EASL clinical practice guidelines: vascular diseases of the liver]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Hepatol]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>64</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>179-202</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Northup]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcia-Pagan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcia-Tsao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Intagliata]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Superina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Roberts]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LN]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Vascular liver disorders, portal vein thrombosis, and procedural bleeding in patients with liver disease 2020 practice guidance by the American association for the study of liver diseases]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Hepatology]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>73</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>366-413</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yerdel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gunson]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mirza]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Karayalin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Olliff]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Buckels]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Portal vein thrombosis in adults undergoing liver transplantation risk factors, screening, management, and outcome.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Transplantation]]></source>
<year>2000</year>
<volume>69</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>1873-81</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Turon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hernández-Gea]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fuster]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcia-Criado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Barrufet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Nontumoral portal vein thrombosis in patients awiting liver transplantation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Liver Transpl]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>22</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>352-65</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sarin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Philips]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CA]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kamath]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[PS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Choudhury]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Maruyama]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nery]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[FG]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Toward a comprehensive new classification of portal vein thrombosis in patients with cirrhosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Gastroenterology]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>151</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>574-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CN]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Anticoagulation for nontumoral portal vein thrombosis portal vein thrombosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Portal vein thrombosis]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<page-range>89-102</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sharma]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Henry]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Portal vein thrombosis when to treat and how?]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Vasc Med]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>21</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>61-9</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Stefano]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[V]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Plessier]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Noronha Ferreira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Anticoagulation favors thrombus recanalization and survival in patients with liver cirrhosis and portal vein thrombosis results of a meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Adv Ther]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>495-520</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guerrero]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Campo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LD]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Piscaglia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Scheiner]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Han]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Violi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Anticoagulation improves survival in patients with cirrhosis and portal vein thrombosis the IMPORTAL competing-risk meta-analysis.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Hepatol]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>79</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>69-78</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodriguez-Castro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KI]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vitale]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fadin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Shalaby]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zerbinati]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sartori]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MT]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A prediction model for successful anticoagulation in cirrhotic portal vein thrombosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>34-42</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Delgado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Seijo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yepes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[I]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Achécar]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Catalina]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MV]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Criado]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Efficacy and safety of anticoagulation on patients with cirrhosis and portal vein thrombosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>776-83</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Loffredo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pastori]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Farcomeni]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Violi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Effects of anticoagulants in patients with cirrhosis and portal vein thrombosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Gastroenterology]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>153</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>480-7</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nery]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Valadares]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Morais]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gomes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MT]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Gottardi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Efficacy and safety of directacting oral anticoagulants use in acute portal vein thrombosis unrelated to cirrhosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Gastroenterol Res]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>10</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>141-3</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>34</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lv]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[W]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Anticoagulation and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for the management of portal vein thrombosis in cirrhosis a prospective observational study.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Am J Gastroenterol]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>116</volume>
<numero>7</numero>
<issue>7</issue>
<page-range>1447-64</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<label>35</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Elhosseiny]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Al Moussawi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[H]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chalhoub]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lafferty]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Deeb]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Direct oral anticoagulants in cirrhotic patients current evidence and clinical observations]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Can J Gastroenterol Hepatol]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>2019</volume>
<page-range>4383269</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B36">
<label>36</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>European Association for the Study of the Liver</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[European Association for the Study of the Liver EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on prevention and management of bleeding and thrombosis in patients with cirrhosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Hepatol]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>76</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>1151-84</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B37">
<label>37</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Han]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Qi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[He]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Yin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Xia]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for portal vein thrombosis with symptomatic portal hypertension in liver cirrhosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Hepatol]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>54</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>78-88</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B38">
<label>38</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodrigues]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Sixt]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Abraldes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Gottardi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Klinger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bosch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Systematic review with meta-analysis portal vein recanalisation and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for portal vein thrombosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aliment Pharmacol Ther]]></source>
<year>2019</year>
<volume>49</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>20-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B39">
<label>39</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[de Franchis]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Bosch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcia-Tsao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Reiberger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ripoll]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baveno Faculty]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[VII]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Baveno VII - renewing consensus in portal hypertension]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Hepatol]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>76</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>959-74</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B40">
<label>40</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Boike]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JR]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thornburg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BG]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Asrani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fallon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MB]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fortune]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[BE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Izzy]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[North American practice-based recommendations for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts in portal hypertension]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>20</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>1636-62</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B41">
<label>41</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Thornburg]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[B]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Desai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[K]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hickey]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Hohlastos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kulik]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ganger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Pretransplantation portal vein recanalization and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt creation for chronic portal vein thrombosis: final analysis of a 61-patient cohort]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[J Vasc Interv Radiol]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>28</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>1714-21</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B42">
<label>42</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[XY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zheng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HY]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Qin]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[XL]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Anticoagulation after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for portal hypertension a systematic review and meta analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Med]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>101</volume>
<numero>26</numero>
<issue>26</issue>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B43">
<label>43</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Senzolo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tibbals]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[J]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cholongitas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Triantos]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burroughs]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Patch]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[D]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for portal vein thrombosis with and without cavernous transformation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Aliment Pharmacol Ther]]></source>
<year>2006</year>
<volume>23</volume>
<numero>6</numero>
<issue>6</issue>
<page-range>767-75</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B44">
<label>44</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Fan]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LW]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Le]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Q]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Huang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CB]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt for the prevention of rebleeding in patients with cirrhosis and portal vein thrombosis systematic review and meta-analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Front Pharmacol]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>13</volume>
<page-range>968988</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B45">
<label>45</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Wang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Z]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Jiang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zhang]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[HL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Weng]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[NN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[XF]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Li]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[X]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Is post-TIPS anticoagulation therapy necessary in patients with cirrhosis and portal vein thrombosis A randomized controlled trial.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Radiology]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>279</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>943-51</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B46">
<label>46</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Pagán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saffo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mandorfer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcia-Tsao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Where does TIPS fit in the management of patients with cirrhosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JHEP Rep]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>100122</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B47">
<label>47</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[García-Pagán]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Saffo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mandorfer]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Garcia-Tsao]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Where does TIPS fit in the management of patients with cirrhosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[JHEP Rep]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<volume>2</volume>
<numero>4</numero>
<issue>4</issue>
<page-range>100122</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B48">
<label>48</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Villa]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cammà]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marietta]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luongo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Critelli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Colopi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Enoxaparin prevents portal vein thrombosis and liver decompensation in patients with advanced cirrhosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Gastroenterology]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>143</volume>
<numero>5</numero>
<issue>5</issue>
<page-range>1253-60</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B49">
<label>49</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Englesbe]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MJ]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Schaubel]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[DE]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cai]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Guidinger]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MK]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Merion]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Portal vein thrombosis and liver transplant survival benefit]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Liver Transpl]]></source>
<year>2010</year>
<volume>16</volume>
<numero>8</numero>
<issue>8</issue>
<page-range>999-1005</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B50">
<label>50</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ghabril]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Agarwal]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lacerda]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Chalasani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[N]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Kwo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Tector]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AJ]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Portal vein thrombosis is a risk factor for poor early outcomes after liver transplantation analysis of risk factors and outcomes for portal vein thrombosis in waitlisted patients]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Transplantation]]></source>
<year>2016</year>
<volume>100</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>126-33</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B51">
<label>51</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zanetto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Rodriguez-Kastro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[KI]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Germani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ferrarese]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cillo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[U]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Burra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[P]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Mortality in liver transplant recipients with portal vein thrombosis an updated meta-analysis.]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Transpl Int]]></source>
<year>2018</year>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>12</numero>
<issue>12</issue>
<page-range>1318-29</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B52">
<label>52</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ravaioli]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Zanello]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grazi]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[GL]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ercolani]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cescon]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Del Gaudio]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Portal vein thrombosis and liver transplantation evolution during 10 years of experience at the university of bologna]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Ann Surg]]></source>
<year>2011</year>
<volume>253</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>378-84</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B53">
<label>53</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luca]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[A]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Caruso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Milazzo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marrone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mamone]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[G]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Crinò]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[F]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Natural course of extrahepatic nonmalignant partial portal vein thrombosis in patients with cirrhosis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Radiology]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
<volume>265</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>124-32</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
