<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2341-4545</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[GE-Portuguese Journal of Gastroenterology]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[GE Port J Gastroenterol]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2341-4545</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Sociedade Portuguesa de Gastrenterologia]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2341-45452024000300030</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1159/000531135</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[In&#64258;uence of COVID-19 on Patients with Esophageal Varices under Prophylactic Endoscopic Band Ligation Therapy]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[In&#64258;uência da COVID-19 nos doentes com varizes esofágicas submetidos a laqueação elástica pro&#64257;lática]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Craciun]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ana]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Botto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Inês]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Lopes]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[João]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Moura]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Miguel]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Carvalhana]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[So&#64257;a]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Cortez-Pinto]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Helena]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Marinho]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Rui Tato]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Hospital de Santa Maria Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lisbon ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Lisboa Clínica Universitária de Gastrenterologia ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lisbon ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>31</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>30</fpage>
<lpage>38</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2341-45452024000300030&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2341-45452024000300030&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2341-45452024000300030&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Background and Objectives:  Endoscopic band ligation (EBL) plays a critical role in patients with clinically signi&#64257;cant portal hypertension, as variceal eradication (VE) is essential to prevent further variceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding (GI). The emergence of COVID-19 has led to a dramatic reduction in endoscopic activity. Our study aimed to evaluate the effect of COVID-19 on VE, GI, and 6-month mortality of patients treated with prophylactic EBL therapy. In addition, our goal was to identify the risk factors for our proposed outcomes.  Methods:  Asingle-center retrospective cohort study included patients with esophageal varices treated with prophylactic EBL therapy between 2017 and 2021. To demonstrate the impact of COVID-19 on two independent groups on prophylactic EBL therapy with 1 year of follow-up, March 2019 was selected as the cut-off date. Clinical, laboratory, and endo-scopic data were recovered from electronic reports.  Results:  Ninety-seven patients underwent 398 prophylactic EBL sessions,75men (77.3%) withmeanage 59 ± 12 years. Most achieved VE (60.8%), 14.4% had GI bleeding post-therapy, and 15.5% died at 6 months. The rate of variceal obliteration was signi&#64257;cantly lower in the pan-demic group (40.9% vs. 77.4% in the pre-pandemic group, p = 0.001). Mean number of EBL sessions and pandemic group were independently associated with incomplete VE, while MELD-Na, portal vein thrombosis and failed VE were identi&#64257;ed as risk factors associated with mortality at 6months.  Conclusions:  Almost60%ofpatientsinthe pandemic group failed to eradicate esophageal varices. Failure to achieve this result conferred a higher risk of GI bleeding and death at 6 months, the latter also signi&#64257;cantly associated with the MELD-Na score and portal vein thrombosis. Our study is among the &#64257;rst to demonstrate the impact of COVID-19 in patients receiving prophylactic EBL therapy.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo  Introdução e objetivos:  A laqueação elástica endoscópica (LEE) é crucial nos doentes com hipertensão portal clinicamente signi&#64257;cativa, uma vez que permite a erradicação das varizes esofágicas (EVE) que, por sua vez, previne a hemorragia digestiva varicosa. Com o início da pandemia COVID-19, a atividade endoscópica foi drasticamente reduzida. Com este estudo pretendemos avaliar ain&#64258;uência da COVID-19 na EVE, hemorragia gastro-intestinal (GI) e mortalidade aos 6 meses dos doentes sob LEE pro&#64257;lática, assim como identi&#64257;car os seus fatores de risco.  Métodos:  Estudo de coorte monocêntrico e retrospetivo que incluiu doentes com varizes esofágicas sob LEE pro&#64257;lática entre 2017 e 2021. Para demonstrar o impacto da pandemia COVID-19 em dois grupos independentes sob LEE pro&#64257;lática durante um ano de follow-up, a escolha da data-limite foi Março de 2019. Os dados clínicos, laboratoriais e endoscópicos foram obtidos a partir dos relatórios eletrónicos.  Resultados:  Noventa e sete doentes cumpriram 398 sessões de LEE, 75 homens (77,3%), com idade média de 59 ± 12 anos. A maioria dos doentes obteve EVE (60,8%), 14,4% desenvolveu hemorragia GI e 15,5% faleceu nos primeiros 6 meses pós-terapêutica. A taxa de EVE foi signi&#64257;cativamente inferior no grupo pandémico (40,9% vs. 77,4% no grupo pré-pandémico, p = 0.001). O número médio de sessões de LEE e o grupo pandémico foram independentemente associados à EVE incompleta; enquanto MELD-NA, trombose da veia porta e falha na EVE foram identi&#64257;cados como fatores de risco associados à mortalidade aos 6 meses.  Conclusão:  Cerca de 60% dos doentes no grupo pandémico não conseguiu erradicar as varizes esofágicas. A EVE incompleta aumenta o risco de hemorragia GI e mortalidade aos 6 meses, esta última também associada de forma signi&#64257;cativa ao score MELD-Na e TVP. O nosso estudo foi pioneiro na demonstração do impacto da pandemia COVID-19 nos doentes sob LEE pro&#64257;lática.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Endoscopic band ligation]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Liver cirrhosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Variceal eradication]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Cirrose hepática]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[COVID-19]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Erradicação de varizes esofágicas]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Laqueação elástica endoscópica]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
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