<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2504-3145</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Portuguese Journal of Public Health]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Port J Public Health]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2504-3145</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2504-31452020000300159</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.1159/000514875</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Tuberculin skin testing versus interferon-gamma release assay among users of a public health unit in northeast Portugal]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Teste intradérmico da tuberculina versus teste de deteção de interferão-gama numa unidade de saúde no nordeste de Portugal]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Afonso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Andrea Luísa Fernandes]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pires]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Bruno Miguel Morais]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Teixeira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Cristina Martins]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Nogueira]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[António José]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aaf"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Polytechnic Institute of Bragança School of Health Sciences ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bragança ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Public Health Laboratory of Bragança Local Health Unit ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bragança ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Universidade do Porto EPI Unit - Instituto de Saúde Pública ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Porto ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af4">
<institution><![CDATA[,Instituto Politécnico de Bragança Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO) ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Bragança ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>08</month>
<year>2020</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>38</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<fpage>159</fpage>
<lpage>165</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2504-31452020000300159&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2504-31452020000300159&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2504-31452020000300159&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract The screening of groups with a high risk for developing tuberculosis (TB) is a priority in order to control this disease. Since there is no gold standard for the diagnosis of latent TB infection (LTBI), both the tuberculin skin test (TST) and the interferon-gamma release assays (IGRA) have been used for this purpose. The aim of this study was to determine the proportion of LTBI by using the TST and the IGRA tests, and to assess the risk factors related with discordant results between tests across several risk groups advised for screening in Northeast Portugal. Data were collected from the database of patients with suspected LTBI and advised for the screening in a public health unit (January 2014 to December 2015). The proportion of LTBI was computed using both tests. Logistic regression models assessed risk factors for a positive test and for discordant results between tests. The adjusted odds ratio (OR) and respective 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were obtained. Out of 367 patients included in the analysis, 79.8% had a positive TST and 46.0% of them had a positive IGRA. In comparison with contacts of active TB cases, healthcare workers and inmates presented higher odds of TST positivity (OR 4.38, 95% CI 1.59-12.09 and OR 4.74, 95% CI 1.45-15.49, respectively), but immunocompromised people presented lower odds of TST positivity (OR 0.14; 95% CI 0.06-0.31). Instead, healthcare workers (OR 0.44, 95% CI 0.24-0.80) and immunocompromised people (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.10-0.56) presented lower odds of a positive IGRA. There were 42.0% concordant positive results, 16.1% concordant negative results, and 41.9% discordant results, with healthcare workers presenting higher odds of discordant results (OR 3.34, 95% CI 1.84-6.05). The proportion of LTBI estimated by TST and IGRA among people advised for screening in our setting is high, highlighting the need of preventive strategies. Among healthcare workers, TST results should be read with caution as the higher proportion of discordant results with a positive TST suggests the impact of the booster reaction in this group.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo O rastreio de grupos de risco para o desenvolvimento de tuberculose (TB) é uma prioridade para o controlo da doença. Uma vez que não existe um &#8220;gold-standard&#8221; para o diagnóstico de infeção latente (ITBL), o teste intradérmico da tuberculina (TST) e o teste de deteção de interferão-gama (IGRA) têm sido usados com esse propósito. O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar a proporção de ILTB através do TST e do teste IGRA e avaliar os fatores associados à discordância de resultados entre testes, considerando vários grupos de risco aconselhados para rastreio no Nordeste de Portugal. Os dados foram obtidos da base de dados de utentes de uma unidade local de saúde com suspeita de ILTB e orientados para rastreio (janeiro de 2014 a dezembro de 2015). Foi obtida a proporção de ILTB usando ambos os testes. Os modelos de regressão logística avaliaram os fatores de risco para um teste positivo e para resultados discordantes entre os testes. Obtiveram-se as estimativas de odds ratio (OR) e o respetivo intervalo de confiança de 95% (IC95%). Dos 367 pacientes incluídos na análise, 79,8% tiveram um TST positivo e 46,0% deles tiveram um IGRA positivo. Em comparação com contatos de casos de TB ativa, o risco de TST positivo foi maior em profissionais de saúde e presidiários (OR = 4.38; 95% CI: 1.59-12.09 e OR = 4.74 95% CI: 1.45-15.49, respetivamente) e menor em imunocomprometidos (OR = 0.14; 95% CI: 0.06-0.31). Por outro lado, os profissionais de saúde (OR = 0.44; 95% CI: 0.24-0.80) e imunocomprometidos (OR = 0.24; IC95%: 0.10-0.56) apresentaram menor risco de IGRA positivo. Houve 42.0% de resultados positivos concordantes, 16.1% de negativos concordantes e 41.9% de discordantes, com os profissionais de saúde a apresentarem maior risco de resultados discordantes (OR = 3.34; 95% CI: 1.84-6.05). A proporção de ILTB estimada pelo TST e IGRA nestes utentes aconselhados a fazer rastreio revelou-se alta, evidenciando a necessidade de estratégias preventivas. Entre os profissionais de saúde, os resultados do TST devem ser lidos com cautela, pois a maior proporção de resultados discordantes com um TST positivo sugere o impacto do efeito booster neste grupo.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Tuberculosis]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Latent tuberculosis infection]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Tuberculin skin test]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Interferon-gamma release assay.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Tuberculose]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Infeção Tuberculosa Latente]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Teste Intradérmico à Tuberculina]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Teste de Deteção de Interferão-Gama.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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