<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2795-4757</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Political Observer]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Political Observer]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2795-4757</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[OBSERVATÓRIO POLÍTICO ]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2795-47572024000100085</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.59071/2795-4765.rpcp2024.21/pp.85-108</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[The Power of Monuments. From Social Unrest to Urban Violence (2020-2023)[[]]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[O Poder dos Monumentos: Da Agitação Social à Violência Urbana (2020-2023)]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Vargas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Carlos]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,HTC-CEF NOVA FCSH  ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[ ]]></addr-line>
<country>Portugal</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>06</month>
<year>2024</year>
</pub-date>
<numero>21</numero>
<fpage>85</fpage>
<lpage>108</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2795-47572024000100085&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2795-47572024000100085&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2795-47572024000100085&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract This paper examines the complexities of heritage, memory, and monumentality in public spaces, highlighting the dynamic interplay of top-down and bottom-up processes, competing narratives, and the shaping of collective identity. It argues that excluding communities from shaping commemorative landscapes often leads to conflict, with monuments becoming contentious and vandalized. Conversely, unilateral decisions by political elites can deepen social divides. The paper concludes by stressing the need for collaborative, participatory approaches to creating inclusive and democratic public memory.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo O artigo analisa a complexidade dos conceitos de património e memória em monumentos públicos, destacando a dinâmica política, narrativas em competição e formação de identidade coletiva. Argumenta que a exclusão das comunidades dos processos comemorativos gera conflitos, com monumentos no centro de polémicas e vandalismos políticos. Decisões unilaterais das elites políticas aprofundam divisões sociais. Conclui-se pela necessidade de abordagens colaborativas e participativas para criar memórias públicas inclusivas e democráticas.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Collective memory]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[heritage]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[monuments]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[power]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[racism]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[vandalism.]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Memória colectiva]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[memoriais]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[monumentos]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[património]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[poder]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[racismo]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[vandalismo.]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
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