<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?><article xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
<front>
<journal-meta>
<journal-id>2795-5001</journal-id>
<journal-title><![CDATA[Portuguese Journal of Dermatology and Venereology]]></journal-title>
<abbrev-journal-title><![CDATA[Port J Dermatol Venereol.]]></abbrev-journal-title>
<issn>2795-5001</issn>
<publisher>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Permanyer Publications]]></publisher-name>
</publisher>
</journal-meta>
<article-meta>
<article-id>S2795-50012025000100012</article-id>
<article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24875/pjdv.24000095</article-id>
<title-group>
<article-title xml:lang="en"><![CDATA[Progress and challenges towards zero-leprosy in Angola]]></article-title>
<article-title xml:lang="pt"><![CDATA[Progressos e desafios rumo a zero lepra em Angola]]></article-title>
</title-group>
<contrib-group>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Voumard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Christian F.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Afonso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Ernesto]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luvualu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Clarry N.]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Menezes-Hungulo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Balbina]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
<contrib contrib-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Almeida-Voumard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Lídia de]]></given-names>
</name>
<xref ref-type="aff" rid="Aff"/>
</contrib>
</contrib-group>
<aff id="Af1">
<institution><![CDATA[,Ministry of Health National Directorate of Public Health ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Luanda ]]></addr-line>
<country>Angola</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af2">
<institution><![CDATA[,Lubango Central Hospital Dermatology Service ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Lubango ]]></addr-line>
<country>Angola</country>
</aff>
<aff id="Af3">
<institution><![CDATA[,Agostinho Neto University Faculty of Medicine ]]></institution>
<addr-line><![CDATA[Luanda ]]></addr-line>
<country>Angola</country>
</aff>
<pub-date pub-type="pub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<pub-date pub-type="epub">
<day>00</day>
<month>03</month>
<year>2025</year>
</pub-date>
<volume>83</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<fpage>12</fpage>
<lpage>21</lpage>
<copyright-statement/>
<copyright-year/>
<self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&amp;pid=S2795-50012025000100012&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&amp;pid=S2795-50012025000100012&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><self-uri xlink:href="http://scielo.pt/scielo.php?script=sci_pdf&amp;pid=S2795-50012025000100012&amp;lng=en&amp;nrm=iso"></self-uri><abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="en"><p><![CDATA[Abstract  Objective: To explore the progress and challenges towards &#8220;zero leprosy&#8221; in Angola as well as key actions to move forward the elimination process, in line with the 2021&#8211;2030 WHO Global strategy &#8220;towards zero leprosy&#8221;.  Method: Retrospective analytic study of the Ministry of Health (MOH) 2000&#8211;2022 epidemiological and programmatic data, complemented by a search and analysis of relevant information from the scant published literature on leprosy in Angola.  Results: Angola reached, in 2005, the threshold of elimination of leprosy as a public health problem, as defined by the WHO. Since 2012, the incidence and prevalence of the disease have remained stable, maintaining in 2022 a significant proportion of grade 2 disabilities (9,9%) and new child cases (12,3%), as well as a persisting endemicity in all 18 country provinces. Enhanced knowledge of leprosy-related stigma and discrimination was gathered on the occasion of the visit in 2022 of the UN Special Rapporteur on the elimination of discrimination against persons affected by leprosy. Beyond clinical work, dermatologists are increasingly involved in advocacy, training activities, and field investigations on skin neglected tropical diseases, particularly leprosy.  Conclusions: The elimination of leprosy as a public health problem has not led over time to the complete interruption of its transmission. Substantive additional efforts are required in terms of early case detection, management, epidemiological surveillance, and integration of the combat against discrimination in the country strategic roadmap towards zero disease, zero disability, zero stigma, and discrimination. International cooperation and domestic funding should be increased to reach the proposed 2030 WHO targets.]]></p></abstract>
<abstract abstract-type="short" xml:lang="pt"><p><![CDATA[Resumo  Objetivo: Explorar os progressos e desafios rumo à zero lepra (hanseníase) em Angola, bem como as acções-chave para avançar no processo de eliminação, em linha com a estratégia global da OMS para 2021-2030, &#8220;Rumo à zero lepra&#8221;.  Método: Estudo retrospectivo analítico dos dados epidemiológicos e programáticos do Ministério da Saúde 2000-2022, complementado por uma pesquisa e análise de informação relevante da escassa literatura publicada sobre a lepra em Angola.  Resultados: Angola atingiu em 2005 o limiar de eliminação da lepra como problema de saúde pública, conforme definido pela OMS. Desde 2012, a incidência e prevalência da doença permaneceram estáveis, mantendo em 2022 uma proporção significativa de incapacidades de grau 2 (9,9%) e novos casos infantis (12,3%), bem como uma endemicidade persistente em todas as 18 províncias do país. Maiores conhecimentos sobre o estigma e a discriminação relacionados com a hanseníase foram alcançados por ocasião da visita em 2022 do Relator Especial da ONU sobre a eliminação da discriminação contra pessoas afectadas pela hanseníase. Além do seu empenho clínico, os dermatologistas estão cada vez mais envolvidos em actividades de advocacia, formação e em investigações de campo sobre DTN cutâneas, incluindo a lepra.  Conclusões: A eliminação da hanseníase como problema de saúde pública não levou ao longo do tempo à interrupção completa da sua transmissão. São requeridos substantivos esforços adicionais na detecção, gestão de casos, vigilância epidemiológica e integração do combate à discriminação no roteiro estratégico do país para zero doença, zero incapacidade, zero estigma e discriminação. A cooperação internacional e o financiamento interno devem ser aumentados para atingir as metas preconizadas pela OMS até 2030.]]></p></abstract>
<kwd-group>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Leprosy]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Tropical dermatology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[(Leprosy) epidemiology]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Skin NTDs]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="en"><![CDATA[Angola]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Lepra]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Dermatologia tropical]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[(Lepra) epidemiologia]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[DTNs de pele]]></kwd>
<kwd lng="pt"><![CDATA[Angola]]></kwd>
</kwd-group>
</article-meta>
</front><back>
<ref-list>
<ref id="B1">
<label>1</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>World Health Organization</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Towards zero leprosy:global leprosy (Hansen's Disease) strategy 2021&#8211;2030]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Geneva ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[WHO]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B2">
<label>2</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>World Health Organization</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Ending the Neglect to Attain the Sustainable Development Goals:a Road Map for Neglected Tropical Diseases 2021-2030]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Geneva ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[WHO]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B3">
<label>3</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Almeida-Voumard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LP]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Almeida]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CC]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Afonso]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Luvualu]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pedro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Baptista]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[MR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Skin-related neglected tropical diseases in Angola:a retrospective analysis]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[PJDV]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>81</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>162-72</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B4">
<label>4</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>World Health Organization</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Global leprosy (Hansen disease) update, 2022:new paradigm &#8211;control to elimination]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Wkly Epidemiol Rec]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>98</volume>
<numero>37</numero>
<issue>37</issue>
<page-range>409-30</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B5">
<label>5</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[World Bank, Angola Country profile, 2022 Angola]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B6">
<label>6</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Ministério da Saúde, Angola</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Relatório das actividades da Direcção Nacional de Saúde Pública, 2022]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Luanda, Angola ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[DNSP/Ministério da Saúde]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B7">
<label>7</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Ministério da Saúde, Angola</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Plano Nacional de Desenvolvimento Sanitário (PNDS) 2012-2025]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Prevenção, controlo e eliminação da lepra, projecto 7]]></source>
<year></year>
<page-range>66-70</page-range><publisher-loc><![CDATA[Luanda, Angola ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[Ministério da Saúde;2012]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B8">
<label>8</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Ministério da Saúde, Angola</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Plano Estratégico Nacional de Doenças Tropicais Negligênciadas 2017-2021]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Luanda, Angola ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[DNSP/Ministério da Saúde]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B9">
<label>9</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>Ministério da Saúde, Angola</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Plano Estratégico Nacional de Doenças Tropicais Negligênciadas 2021-2025]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Luanda, Angola ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[DNSP/Ministério da Saúde]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B10">
<label>10</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>World Health Organization</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Leprosy fact sheet]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B11">
<label>11</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>UN Human Rights Council, Fifty-third session</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Visit to Angola:report of the Special Rapporteur on the elimination of discrimination against persons affected by leprosy and their family members]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[OHCHR, Advanced unedited version]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<page-range>2023</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B12">
<label>12</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Brechet]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[RA]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Chemoprophylaxis with DDS, mainly in children:a short trial]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lepr Rev]]></source>
<year>1965</year>
<volume>36</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>143-4</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B13">
<label>13</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mbounga]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Projet Lèpre et promotion de la Santé:éducation pour la santéde la communautéau sujet de la Lèpre dans les provinces de Luanda et Benguela - Angola]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Santépublique et épidémiologie]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B14">
<label>14</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>World Health Organization</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Global health observatory- leprosy]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B15">
<label>15</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>World Health Organization. Regional Office for Africa</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Progress towards the reduction of the burden of leprosy 2000-2011]]></source>
<year>2012</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B16">
<label>16</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>World Health Organization</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Global leprosy situation, 2005]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Wkly Epidemiol Rec]]></source>
<year>2005</year>
<volume>80</volume>
<numero>34</numero>
<issue>34</issue>
<page-range>289-95</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B17">
<label>17</label><nlm-citation citation-type="book">
<collab>World Health Organization</collab>
<source><![CDATA[World Health Assembly, Elimination of leprosy:resolution of the 44th World Health Assembly]]></source>
<year>1991</year>
<publisher-loc><![CDATA[Geneva ]]></publisher-loc>
<publisher-name><![CDATA[World Health Organization]]></publisher-name>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B18">
<label>18</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>World Health Organization</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Global leprosy situation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Wkly Epidemiol Rec]]></source>
<year>2009</year>
<volume>84</volume>
<numero>33</numero>
<issue>33</issue>
<page-range>333-40</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B19">
<label>19</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>World Health Organization</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Global leprosy:update on the 2012 situation]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Wkly Epidemiol Rec]]></source>
<year>2013</year>
<volume>88</volume>
<numero>35</numero>
<issue>35</issue>
<page-range>365-79</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B20">
<label>20</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>Ministério da Saúde, PNCL/Direcção Nacional de Saúde Pública</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Relatório sobre a campanha de busca activa integrada da lepra e outras DTNs com manifestações cutâneas]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[DNSP/Ministério da Saúde, Angola]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B21">
<label>21</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[OHCHR Media Advisory]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B22">
<label>22</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[Presidência da República;Decreto Presidencial N°100/2020, April 14]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B23">
<label>23</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>Presidência da República</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Política Nacional de Saúde]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Decreto Presidêncial N°262/10. Diário da República 1a Serie No 222. WHO Mindbank - Política Nacional de Saúde (National Health Policy)]]></source>
<year></year>
<page-range>3633-59</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B24">
<label>24</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<source><![CDATA[ILEP's searchable database of discriminatory laws and regulations]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B25">
<label>25</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dako-Gyeke]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Asampong]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[E]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Oduro]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[R]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Stigmatisation and discrimination:Experiences of people affected by leprosy in Southern Ghana]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Lepr Rev]]></source>
<year>2017</year>
<volume>88</volume>
<numero>1</numero>
<issue>1</issue>
<page-range>58-74</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B26">
<label>26</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Badiane]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Ramarozatovo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[LS]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Doumbo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[SN]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dorkenoo]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[AM]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Mandengue]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[C]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dunaisk]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[CM]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Diagnostic capacity for cutaneous fungal diseases in the African continent]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Int J Dermatol]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>62</volume>
<numero>9</numero>
<issue>9</issue>
<page-range>1131-41</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B27">
<label>27</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>World Health Organization</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Global leprosy (Hansen disease) update, 2020:impact of COVID-19 on global leprosy control]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Wkly Epidemiol Rec]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>96</volume>
<page-range>421-44</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B28">
<label>28</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pieter]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[Y]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Grijsen]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[ML]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Picturing health:the burden of leprosy in eastern Indonesia]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[The Lancet]]></source>
<year>2022</year>
<volume>399</volume>
<numero>10335</numero>
<issue>10335</issue>
<page-range>1588-99</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B29">
<label>29</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Dultra]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[M]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Florence]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[T]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Gallotti]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[S]]></given-names>
</name>
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[Pegas]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[JR]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Epidemiological analysis of leprosy in Brazil in the past 10 years]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Port J Dermatol Venereol]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
<volume>81</volume>
<numero>3</numero>
<issue>3</issue>
<page-range>149-53</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B30">
<label>30</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<collab>OHCHR</collab>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[Progress and remaining challenges in eliminating discrimination against persons affected by leprosy and their family members. Report of the Special Rapporteur on the elimination of discrimination against persons affected by leprosy and their family members, Alice Cruz]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Human Rights Council Fifty-third session 19 June&#8211;14 July 2023]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B31">
<label>31</label><nlm-citation citation-type="journal">
<person-group person-group-type="author">
<name>
<surname><![CDATA[De Almeida-Voumard]]></surname>
<given-names><![CDATA[L]]></given-names>
</name>
</person-group>
<article-title xml:lang=""><![CDATA[A dermatologia em Angola:evolução e desafios]]></article-title>
<source><![CDATA[Med Cutan Iber Lat Am]]></source>
<year>2021</year>
<volume>49</volume>
<numero>2</numero>
<issue>2</issue>
<page-range>77-85</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B32">
<label>32</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>OHCHR</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Human Rights Council Forty-fourth session 15 June&#8211;3 July 2020 Agenda item 3 Promotion and protection of all human rights, civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights, including the right to development Policy framework for rights-based action plans Report of the Special Rap- porteur on the elimination of discrimination against persons affected by leprosy and their family members*]]></source>
<year>2020</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B33">
<label>33</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>World Bank Angola, Strengthening the national social protection system</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Available from:Development Projects:Strengthening the National Social Protection System Project (Cash Transfer) - P169779 (worldbank.org)]]></source>
<year></year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B34">
<label>34</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>Presidência da República</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Decreto Presidêncial sobre o Plano de Apoio e Protecção às Pessoas com Albinismo &#8220;PAPPA2027&#8221;]]></source>
<year></year>
<page-range>5378-409</page-range></nlm-citation>
</ref>
<ref id="B35">
<label>35</label><nlm-citation citation-type="">
<collab>World Health Organization</collab>
<source><![CDATA[Interruption of transmission and elimination of leprosy disease-Technical guidance]]></source>
<year>2023</year>
</nlm-citation>
</ref>
</ref-list>
</back>
</article>
