ABSTRACT Following an interpretative approach, this study sought to understand, from the perspective of elite futsal coaches, the critical information that shrouds the game dynamics of defensive situations in futsal game (i.e., defensive organisation, defensive set pieces, strategical defence). Ten male futsal coaches (age: 48.30 ± 5.85 years; experience 18.10 ± 4.12 years) who currently coach elite futsal teams were selected. A total of thirty-four video clips related to different defensive situations were selected. Qualitative data was obtained through semi-structured interviews and analysed by content analysis. In analysing defensive game situations, coaches emphasised both individual and collective defensive behaviours. Much of the focus was on individual actions to maintain defensive stability, such as tracking, defensive exchanges, marking, and roles within the team’s defensive structure. Still, when the coaches intended to characterise defensive information, they focused on understanding information related to the attack and its inherent strategies. Expert coaches balance their knowledge about and of the environment in preparing their team for competition. Thus, the ability to recognise and retrieve critical information both before through video analysis and in-loco, during competition are vital to guide the team. Thus, developing these skills must be paramount in coach education courses in futsal.

ABSTRACT The article addresses the physical demands of amateur rugby, using global positioning system technology to analyze player performance during matches and training sessions. The results show that matches are more physically demanding than training, with greater distances covered, more sprints, and a higher number of impacts. However, training sessions adequately replicate accelerations and decelerations, although there are fewer physical contacts to avoid injuries. Additionally, an improvement in players’ aerobic capacity was observed after five weeks of training, highlighting the need to personalize training sessions to optimize individual performance.

ABSTRACT The current study aims to determine the effect of one-week tapering on the anaerobic potential of young swimmers based on a simple and non-invasive test. Twenty competitive young swimmers (12.83 ± 1.08 years) performed an all-out 25 m front crawl sprint coupled to an electromechanical speedometer before and after a week of taper. The variation of the velocity along time [v/(t) curves] was determined for each swimmer. The push-off maximum velocity, push-off velocity decay, maximum and average gliding velocity, maximum and average swimming velocity, fatigue index, swimming velocity decay, velocity variation coefficient, total number of cycles, and total swim time were calculated. An individual anaerobic fatigue threshold was determined by applying a mathematical procedure based on wavelet analysis to the aforementioned v/(t) curves. The number of upper limb cycles performed was registered using video. The blood lactate concentration was measured at rest and after the 25 m sprint. The swim duration time of 25 m (pre-taper: 17.91 ± 1.69; post-taper: 17.90 ± 2.18 s, p= .976) and the post-effort blood lactate (pre-taper: 4.92 ± .85 and post-taper: 4.77 ± 1.80 mmol/l, p= .780) did not change with the taper. The other variables also did not change, except for the velocity decay (-1.19 ± .94 vs. -.52 ± .21 m.s-1, p= .016). The moment of occurrence of the anaerobic fatigue threshold was no different after the taper. The one-week taper did not significantly change young swimmers’ anaerobic potential.

RESUMO Este estudo teve como objetivo analisar eventuais relações existentes entre a prática desportiva de estudantes portugueses de uma escola considerada Território Educativo de Intervenção Prioritária e os seus níveis de desenvolvimento positivo de jovens e de responsabilidade pessoal e social. Participaram neste estudo 430 alunos, de ambos os sexos (45,6% do sexo feminino), com idades compreendidas entre os 10 e os 20 anos (M = 13,94 e DP = 2,61). Para avaliar o desenvolvimento positivo foi utilizado o questionário Positive Youth Development, versão portuguesa reduzida PYDp/red e para avaliar a responsabilidade pessoal e social foi utilizado o Questionário de Responsabilidade Pessoal e Social. Os resultados mostraram que, de uma forma geral, apenas 24,2% dos jovens praticavam desporto com mais regularidade e que, relativamente ao desenvolvimento positivo de jovens, os indivíduos do sexo feminino apresentavam níveis médios mais elevados na dimensão de Cuidado/atenção. Já no que concerne à dimensão Caráter, verificou-se que os jovens dos escalões mais velhos pareciam apresentar um maior respeito pelas regras, enquanto os do escalão mais novo apresentavam níveis médios mais elevados de Conexão. Constatou-se ainda que a perceção da responsabilidade social era mais elevada do que a da responsabilidade pessoal. Finalmente, foi evidente a existência de uma tendência no sentido de que, quanto mais anos de prática desportiva e frequência semanal, mais elevados eram os valores de desenvolvimento positivo de jovens e de responsabilidade pessoal e social.

ABSTRACT This study aimed to analyze the relationships between the sporting practice of Portuguese students from a school considered a Priority Intervention Educational Territory with their levels of positive youth development and personal and social responsibility. Four hundred and thirty students of both sexes (45.6% female), aged between 10 and 20 (M = 13.94 and SD = 2.61) participated in this study. To assess Positive Development, was used the PYDp/red questionnaire to assess Personal and Social Responsibility, the PSRQ questionnaire was used. The results showed that only 24.2% of young people practised sports more regularly. Regarding positive youth development, the results showed that female individuals had higher average levels in the Care/attention dimension. Regarding the Character dimension, it was verified that students in older groups seemed to show greater respect for the rules, while the younger ones showed higher average levels of Connection. Also was found that the perception of social responsibility was higher than that of personal responsibility. Finally, a trend was identified: the more years of sports practice and weekly frequency, the higher the positive youth development and personal and social responsibility values.

RESUMO Este estudo analisou as barreiras ao deslocamento ativo de adolescentes para a escola, de acordo com o sexo, zona de moradia e estatuto socioeconômico. As variáveis foram coletadas através de questionários (Neighborhood Impact on Kids e Associação Brasileira de Empresas de Pesquisa). Participaram 1.431 estudantes, com idade entre 12 e 17 anos. As variáveis categóricas dicotomizadas foram analisadas por meio do teste do Qui-quadrado com intervalos de confiança de 95% e significância de p< 0,05. As principais barreiras para o deslocamento ativo reportadas foram: Na zona urbana: “o tempo é muito quente e transpiro muito” e “há muito trânsito”; na zona rural: “não existem calçadas ou ciclovias e “a escola fica longe”; moças da zona urbana: “a escola fica longe” e “há muito trânsito”; moças da zona rural: “o caminho era cansativo”; rapazes da zona rural: “o caminho não era bem iluminado”; estatuto socioeconômico: alunos de baixo estatuto socioeconômico da zona urbana e zona rural reportaram “a escola fica longe”. As principais barreiras ao deslocamento ativo referem-se ao clima quente, às escolas distantes, ao trânsito e ao ambiente construído, impactando principalmente escolares de baixo estatuto socioeconômico das duas zonas de moradia, demandando uma tomada de decisão dos entes políticos visando facilitar o deslocamento ativo dos adolescentes.

ABSTRACT This study analysed the barriers to active commuting to school among adolescents according to gender, residential area, and socioeconomic status. The variables were collected through questionnaires (Neighborhood Impact on Kids and Associação Brasileira de Empresas de Pesquisa). A total of 1,431 students aged between 12 and 17 participated. The dichotomized categorical variables were analyzed using the Chi-square test with a 95% confidence interval and a significance level of p< .05. The main reported barriers to active commuting were: in the urban area: “the weather is very hot, and I sweat a lot” and “there is a lot of traffic”; in the rural area: “there are no sidewalks or bike paths” and “the school is far away”; urban area girls: “the school is far away” and “there is a lot of traffic”; rural area girls: “the route was tiring”; rural area boys: “the route was not well-lit”; socioeconomic status: low socioeconomic status students from urban area and rural area reported “the school is far away”. The main barriers to active commuting relate to hot weather, distant schools, traffic, and built environment, mainly impacting students with low socioeconomic status from both residential areas, requiring decision-making by policymakers to facilitate active commuting for adolescents.

RESUMO Os principais objetivos deste estudo são conhecer e comparar a influência parental na iniciação e manutenção da prática desportiva de diferentes desportos (atletismo, karaté, basquetebol, voleibol, futebol), de acordo com a perceção de treinadores de crianças e jovens. A recolha de dados foi realizada através de entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os participantes deste estudo foram cinco treinadores (um do sexo feminino e quatro do sexo masculino) com idades entre 27 e 67 anos e com certificação de treinador de nível 2 a 4. Os principais resultados estão divididos em quatro dimensões (social, económica, psicológica, pedagógica). A socialização está presente em todos os desportos abordados. O estatuto socioeconómico dos pais é influenciador nos desportos individuais. Os pais influenciam na iniciação e manutenção da prática desportiva, sendo os principais informadores de dificuldades dos atletas, ou, os pais podem ser influenciadores negativos quando procuram tornar os seus filhos atletas de rendimento, alterando assim o seu estado psicológico. Os desportos coletivos possuem intervenções pedagógicas com regras importantes, sendo os pais muitas vezes uma barreira na aplicação das mesmas.

ABSTRACT The main objectives of this study are to determine the parental influences on the adherence and maintenance of different sports participation (athletics, karate, basketball, volleyball, football), according to the perception of coaches of children and young people. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews. Participants were five coaches (one female and four male) aged between 27 and 67 years old and with sports degrees between level 2 and level 4. The main results are divided into four dimensions (social, economic, psychological, pedagogical). Socialization is present in all the sports covered. The parents’ socioeconomic status is an influence on individual sports. Parents influence the initiation and maintenance of sports practice, being the main informants of athletes’ difficulties, or parents can be negative influencers trying to make their children performance athletes by changing their psychological state. Team sports have pedagogical interventions with important rules, and parents are often a barrier in their application.

RESUMEN La nueva era tecnológica ha generado un notable aumento en el tiempo dedicado por los adolescentes al uso de tecnologías. El objetivo de esta investigación consistió en analizar el lugar y tiempo dedicado que los estudiantes de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria hacen uso de internet, videojuegos, teléfono móvil y televisión, teniendo en cuenta el curso y el género, e identificando las características de las conductas problemáticas asociadas al uso de la tecnología según el género. Participaron 388 estudiantes (51,8% chicos, 48,2% chicas) de entre 12 y 18 años (M = 14,37), provenientes de dos centros educativos ubicados en la provincia de Sevilla, quienes contestaron al cuestionario de Uso Problemático de Nuevas Tecnologías. El enfoque de estudio fue descriptivo, relacional y corte transversal. Los resultados mostraron que los adolescentes prefieren usar las nuevas tecnologías en el hogar. Los chicos dedican más tiempo diario y semanal a los videojuegos, mientras que las chicas al móvil. Los estudiantes de primer curso usan menos internet y móvil que los de tercero y cuarto. Las chicas tienen más dificultad para desconectarse de internet y el móvil, mientras que los chicos se relajan más y dedican más tiempo a los videojuegos.

ABSTRACT The new technological era has generated a notable increase in the time dedicated by adolescents to using technologies. The objective of this research was to analyze the place and time spent by Compulsory Secondary Education students using the Internet, video games, mobile phones and television, taking into account the course and gender, and identifying the characteristics of the problematic behaviors associated with the use of technology according to gender. 388 students participated (51.8% boys, 48.2% girls) between 12 and 18 years old (M = 14.37), from two educational centers located in the province of Seville, who answered the Questionnaire on Problematic Use of New Technologies. The study approach was descriptive, relational and cross-sectional. The results showed that adolescents prefer to use new technologies at home. Boys spend more time daily and weekly playing video games, while girls spend more time on mobile phones. First-year students use the internet and mobile phones less than third- and fourth-year students. Girls have more difficulty disconnecting from the internet and mobile phones, while boys relax more and spend more time playing video games.

ABSTRACT The present study aimed to compare physical activity, sedentary behavior, and general health status pre-diagnosis and post-recovery in individuals diagnosed with COVID-19; to assess the influence of COVID-19 signals, symptoms, and clinical outcomes on physical activity, sedentary behavior, and general health status in adults and older adults. A total of 509 individuals (≥ 18 years) diagnosed with COVID-19 between March 2020 and February 2021 in Ribeirão Preto/SP were evaluated. The short version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to assess physical activity and sedentary behavior, and the “profile of people diagnosed with COVID-19” questionnaire was used to self-report general health status. Data were collected via telephone regarding the week before the COVID-19 diagnosis (pre-diagnosis) and during the interview (post-recovery). There was a significant reduction in physical activity in adults and older adults (p < .001) post-recovery. Sedentary behavior increased in adults (p = .021). General health status worsened in both adults and older adults (p < .001). Symptoms such as runny nose, sore throat, and muscle pain affected physical activity; respiratory difficulty and the need for oxygen support negatively influenced sedentary behavior. Sore throat, fatigue/tiredness, and muscle pain affected general health status in adults and older adults. COVID-19 signals and symptoms negatively influenced physical activity, sedentary behavior, and general health status.

RESUMEN Este estudio examina el impacto de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación en adolescentes andaluces, enfocándose en diferencias según el contexto urbano o rural. El objetivo es analizar la frecuencia del uso de internet, móviles, videojuegos y televisión en estudiantes de Educación Secundaria Obligatoria según género y centro, identificando posibles desigualdades en función del entorno de residencia. Participaron 388 estudiantes de 12 a 18 años (M = 14,37) de dos centros en Sevilla, uno ubicado en zona rural y otro en zona urbana, con 51,8% hombres y 48,2% mujeres, quienes completaron el cuestionario sobre el Uso Problemático de Nuevas Tecnologías. Este estudio sigue un enfoque cuantitativo con un diseño transversal, descriptivo, relacional y comparativo. Los resultados revelaron que, aunque el uso de medios tecnológicos es similar en ambos centros, los estudiantes de la zona urbana usan más los videojuegos que los de la zona rural, probablemente por mayor acceso a tecnología en el entorno urbano. Por otro lado, las mujeres muestran patrones similares de uso en ambos tipos de contexto. El uso de internet, móviles y televisión es uniforme y no existiendo diferencias significativas entre géneros ni ubicación.

ABSTRACT This study examines the impact of Information and Communication Technologies on Andalusian adolescents, focusing on differences depending on the urban or rural context. The objective is to analyse the frequency of Internet use, mobile phones, video games and television in Compulsory Secondary Education students according to gender and school, identifying possible inequalities depending on the residential environment. Three hundred eighty-eight students aged 12 to 18 years (M = 14.37) from two centers in Seville participated, one located in a rural area and the other in an urban area, with 51.8% men and 48.2% women, who completed the Problematic Use of New Technologies questionnaire. This study follows a quantitative approach with a cross-sectional, descriptive, relational and comparative design. The results revealed that, although the use of technological media is similar in both schools, students from urban areas use video games more than those from rural areas, probably due to greater access to technology in urban environments. On the other hand, women show similar usage patterns in both types of context. The use of the Internet, mobile phones and television is uniform, and there are no significant differences between genders or location.

RESUMEN La retirada deportiva es algo inherente al deporte profesional. El balonmano es un deporte minoritario en el que la mayoría de los deportistas tienen que continuar su vida laboral fuera del deporte una vez retirados de este. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar cómo influye la edad en las distintas variables que inciden en el proceso de retirada deportiva. La muestra está compuesta por 95 jugadores profesionales de balonmano, todos varones, ex militantes de la liga ASOBAL y retirados en los últimos 10 años. Se les ha administrado un cuestionario validado. Para analizar los resultados que arroja el cuestionario se ha llevado a cabo un estudio descriptivo, relacional y transversal. La edad de retirada está muy polarizada dependiendo de la variable a la que se haga referencia. Las variables nivel de estudios y situación profesional no tienen relación significativa con la edad de retirada, sin embargo, el estado civil y la descendencia están relacionadas significativamente.

ABSTRACT Sports retirement is something inherent to professional sports. Handball is a minority sport in which the most athletes have to continue their working life outside of the sport once they retire from it. The objective of this study was to analyze how age influences the different variables that affect the sports retirement process. The sample is made up of 95 professional handball players, all men, former members of the ASOBAL league and retired in the last 10 years. They have been administered a validated questionnaire. To analyze the results obtained from the questionnaire, a descriptive, relational and transversal study has been carried out. The retirement age is very polarized depending on the variable referred to. The variables level of education and professional status have no significant relationship with retirement age, however, marital status and offspring are significantly related.