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Revista Nutrícias
On-line version ISSN 2182-7230
Abstract
REIS, Cíntia and PINTO, Isabel. Nutritional intervention in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - general considerations. Nutrícias [online]. 2012, n.14, pp.31-34. ISSN 2182-7230.
Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) (also known as Lou Gehrig's Disease, Charcot's Disease and Motor Neurone Disease) is a neurodegenerative disease characterized by selective degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons in the primary motor cortex, brainstem, spinal cord and corticospinal tract, which results in progressive muscular paralysis of all limbs, respiratory failure and death within 3-5 years after the onset of symptoms. ALS´ nutritional intervention should maximize patient comfort, so that it should be planned and adapted according to the disease progression. As a consequence of disease progression, dysphagia emerges as the symptom that will interfere most in patients´ usual feeding. Initially, dysphagia management requires a personalized nutritional intervention focused on adapting food consistency to the swallowing capacity of the patient. As dysphagia increases a change in the feeding route will be needed and consequently patients will have to adapt to a new feeding method and a new type of diet. Similarly, being ALS an incapacitating and progressive disease with no known cure it is essential for the nutritionist to interpret the meaning of feeding changes to the patient and family. The goal is to promote patient’s quality of life and support family on all issues and difficulties related to feeding their loved one. Thus, we intend to discuss the role of nutrition in ALS not only regarding to the importance and planning of nutritional intervention, dysphagia management and enteral nutritional support but also to the nutritional approach focused on the patient and family which can influence the nutritional intervention in this population.
Keywords : Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis; Nutritional intervention; Dysphagia; Oral feeding; Enteral nutrition.
